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CPAN/CAPA Set 2 Questions And Answers With Verified Solutions Already Passed Latest Updated 2025
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CPAN/CAPA Set 2 Questions And Answers With Verified Solutions Already Passed Latest Updated 2025
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CPAN/CAPA Set 2 Questions AndAnswers With Verified Solutions Already
Passed Latest Updated 2025
Why do patients with acromegaly require constant monitoring in the PACU?
Answer: Due to potential breathing difficulties from a protruding lower jaw and
enlarged tongue.
What condition is caused by an excess of Growth Hormone?
Answer: Acromegaly or gigantism, typically occurring before puberty.
What condition is caused by a deficiency of Growth Hormone?
Answer: Simmonds Disease, which is characterized by premature aging,
weakness, emaciation, mental lethargy, and dry, wrinkled skin.
What is a primary cause of diabetes insipidus?
Answer: The lack of antidiuretic hormone (ADH), which results in the output of
large volumes of dilute, sugar-free urine.
What happens when large amounts of ADH are secreted?
Answer: The smooth muscles undergo vasoconstriction, leading to increased
blood pressure.
What happens when the kidneys receive inadequate blood supply?
Answer: Juxtaglomerular cells are activated to release renin.
Which condition is related to a deficiency of ACTH (adrenocorticotropic
hormone)?
Answer: Addison's disease.
What occurs when hemorrhage or trauma happens during surgery?
Answer: ADH secretion increases, which may lead to SIADH (Syndrome of
Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone), often due to excessive fluid administration,
causing water intoxication.
What are the symptoms of Addisonian crisis?
Answer: Dehydration, nausea, hypotension, fever, muscle weakness,
hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, and shock.
, How should Addisonian crisis be treated?
Answer: Administer dexamethasone (2-4 mg IV) and D5NS (dextrose 5% in
normal saline).
What symptoms characterize water intoxication?
Answer: Headache, muscle weakness, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, leading to
confusion, hostility, disorientation, drowsiness, and potentially convulsions or
coma.
How is SIADH managed?
Answer: Fluid restriction, diuresis using mannitol and furosemide, and sodium
chloride administration.
Which factors increase the risk of postoperative nausea and vomiting
(PONV)?
Answer: Female gender, non-smoking status, a history of PONV, and
postoperative opioid use.
What is the most effective treatment for PONV?
Answer: Multimodal approaches, combining different pharmacological agents
targeting various receptors.
What is the best position for a patient who is vomiting?
Answer: Position the patient with their head down and administer oxygen
immediately, allowing fluids to flow away from the lungs.
What should be monitored in a patient with liver disease who has received
succinylcholine?
Answer: Watch for respiratory depression in the immediate postoperative period.
Which enzyme does the liver produce that is important for the metabolism of
succinylcholine?
Answer: Pseudocholinesterase (also known as plasma cholinesterase).
What is the role of pseudocholinesterase?
Answer: It is the principal enzyme for metabolizing succinylcholine and ester-type
local anesthetics.
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