Med-Surg Final Practice Questions 2024
A common finding in Graves' disease is:
A) Exophthalmos
B) Intolerance to cold
C) Infertility
D) Paresthesia - ansA) Exophthalmos
A fasting plasma glucose level of 115 mg/dL is indicative of what?
A) Type 1 DM
B) Type 2 DM
C) Pre-diabetic
D) N...
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Med-Surg Certification Practice Questions 2024
Graded A+
"Third-spacing" can cause which form of shock?
A. Anaphylactic
B. Hypovolemic
C. Septic
D. Cardiovascular - ansB. Hypovolemic
Third-spacing = movement of fluid out of the vascular system into the interstitial areas, resulting in
loss of fluid leading to hypovolemic shock
A 18-year-old male is admitted after a motor-vehicle accident with air-bag release. He complains of
chest tightness and is restless and anxious. Heart sounds are barely audible on auscultation. The
patient is most likely experiencing what condition?
A. Cardiac tamponade
B. Acute myocardial infarction
C. Pulmonary edema
D. Aortic aneurysm - ansA. Cardiac tamponade
We know that this patient sustained trauma to the chest. Cardiac tamponade occurs when there is
fluid build up around the heart that applies pressure to the heart and impairs its ability to pump
adequately. This can happen with trauma or uncontrolled bleeding from an open heart procedure.
Signs and symptoms include chest pain and pressure, muffled heart tones, shortness of breath, and
jugular vein distention
A 24 year-old factory worker with a history of asthma presents to the emergency department with
,difficulty breathing. During the respiratory assessment of the patient, the nurse would expect to
auscultate:
A. diminished breath sounds and crackles in lung bases
B. moist crackles in lung bases
C. distant breath sounds and expiratory wheezes
D. bronchial breath sounds in lung bases - ansC. distant breath sounds and expiratory wheezes
A 30 year-old man with chronic traumatic brain injury was admitted for a surgical procedure and is
to be discharged. The nurse should modify his discharge instructions by:
1. Providing detailed oral instructions
2. Providing detailed written instructions
3. Having him repeat the instructions
4. Having sustained eye contact during the instruction - ans3. Having him repeat the instructions
A 30-year-old female has been diagnosed with Cushing's syndrome. The nurse knows the patient is
most likely to exhibit which symptoms?
A. Hypertension and hirsutism
B. Hyperkalemia and obesity
C. Hypotension and anemia
D. Menstrual irregularities and hypoglycemia - ansA. Hypertension and hirsutism
Hypertension may result from fluid retention due to mineralcorticoid excess, and they may also
exhibit hirsutism (abnormal hair growth).
For Answers (B, C, D) while they may also exhibit truncal or generalized obesity as well as menstrual
,irregularities, it is patient's with Addison's Disease that would exhibit Hyperkalemia, Hypoglycemia
and Hypotension (it is the opposite in Cushing's Syndrome).
A 48 year-old patient with suspected gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding undergoes diagnostic
endoscopy, which determines the site of bleeding is a duodenal ulcer. The nurse explains to the
patient that bleeding ulcers are most commonly related to which of the following?
a. Intake of spicy foods
b. Use of salicylates
c. History of smoking
d. Severe retching and vomiting - ansb. Use of salicylates
Most bleeding ulcers are related to the presence of Helicobacter pylori or drug use, especially
aspirin and aspirin-containing produces (salicylates) or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
Severe retching and vomiting are associated with esophageal bleeding. Spicy floods do not cause
ulcers.
A 50-year-old woman weighs 85kg and has a history of cigarette smoking, high blood pressure, high
sodium intake, and sedentary lifestyle. When developing an individualized care plan for her, the
nurse determines that the most important risk factors for peripheral artery disease that need to be
modified are:
A. Weight and diet
B. Activity level and diet
C. Cigarette smoking and high blood pressure
D. Sedentary lifestyle and high blood pressure - ansC. Cigarette smoking and high blood pressure
These really all need to be addressed but smoking most of all, especially combined with high BP
, A 60-year-old African American male who works as a soccer coach, is admitted with hypertension.
On admission his blood pressure was 210/108 mmHg. His last total cholesterol level was 156 mg/dl,
and a random blood glucose was 110 mg/dl. Which is unalterable risk factor for hypertension?
A. His blood glucose level
B. His cholesterol level
C. His occupation
D. His ethnicity - ansD
Other risk factors: elevated serum lipids, DM, sedentary lifestyle
A 63 year old female patient contacts the clinic to report that she is has been extremely fatigued, is
sleeping 12 hours a night, is always cold and her hair is falling out. Which of the following responses
by the nurse is most appropriate?
A. You will have more energy if you walk 30 min every day.
B. You don't need to worry. Sleeping a lot is good for you.
C. Come in and see your health care provider today.
D. You should eat more green leafy vegetables. - ansC
Need more info
A 68 year old woman is admitted to the surgical unit after a gastric resection for gastric cancer. She
states that she doesn't want anyone to see her in this condition, even her husband. This nurse's
best response is:
A."Patients' rights protect your privacy. I won't allow anyone in."
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