ATI PHARMACOLOGY PROCTORED EXAM TEST BANK 100% VERIFIED
313 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS [REVIEWED AND
REVISED 2024]
1. 1) A nurse is caring for a client with 3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin)
hyperparathyroidism and notes that the Rationale:
client's serum calcium level is 13 mg/dL. The normal serum calcium level is 8.6 to 10.0 mg/dL. This client is experiencing
Which medication should the nurse prepare hypercalcemia. Calcium gluconate andcalciumchloridearemedications usedforthe
to administer as prescribed to the client? treatment of tetany, which occurs as a result of acute hypocalcemia. In
1. Calcium chloride hypercalcemia, large doses of vitamin D need to be avoided. Calcitonin, a thyroid
2. Calcium gluconate hormone, decreases the plasma calcium level by inhibiting bone resorption and
3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin) lowering the serum calcium concentration.
4. Large doses of vitamin D
2. 2.) Oral iron supplements are prescribed for 4. Orange juice
a 6-year-old child with iron deficiency Rationale:
anemia. The nurse instructs the mother to Vitamin C increases the absorption of iron by the body. The mother should be
administer the iron with which best food instructed to administer the medication with a citrus fruit or a juice that is high in
item? vitamin C. Milkmay affectabsorption of the iron. Water will not assist in absorption.
1. Milk Orange juice contains a greater amount of vitamin C than apple juice.
2. Water
3. Apple juice
4. Orange juice
3. 3.) Salicylic acid is prescribed for a client 1. Tinnitus
with a diagnosis of psoriasis. The nurse Rationale:
monitors the client, knowing that which of Salicylic acid is absorbed readily through the skin, and systemic toxicity (salicylism)
the following would indicate the presence can result. Symptoms include tinnitus, dizziness, hyperpnea, and psychological
of systemic toxicity from this medication? disturbances. Constipation and diarrhea are not associated with salicylism.
1. Tinnitus
2. Diarrhea
3. Constipation
4. Decreased respirations
4. 4.) The camp nurse asks the children 4. At least 30 minutes beforeexposure to the sun
preparing to swim in the lake if they have Rationale:
applied sunscreen. The nurse reminds the Sunscreens are most effective when applied at least 30 minutes beforeexposure to
children that chemical sunscreens are most the sun so that they can penetrate the skin. All sunscreens should be reapplied after
effective when applied: swimming or sweating.
1. Immediately before swimming
2. 15 minutes before exposure to the sun
3. Immediately before exposure to the sun
4. At least 30 minutes before exposure to
the sun
5. 5.) Mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon) is 3. Informing the client that this is normal
prescribed for the client with a burn injury. Rationale:
When applying the medication, the client Mafenideacetateis bacteriostatic forgram-negativeandgram-positive organisms
complains of local discomfort and burning. and is used to treatburns to reducebacteria present in avascular tissues. The client
Which of the following is the most should be informed that the medication will cause local discomfort and burning and
appropriate nursing action? that this is a normal reaction; therefore options 1, 2, and 4 are incorrect
1. Notifying the registered nurse
2. Discontinuing the medication
3. Informing the client that this is normal
4. Applying a thinner film than prescribed
to the burn site
, 1. Hyperventilation
6. 6.) The burn client is receiving treatments of
topical mafenide acetate(Sulfamylon) tothe Rationale:
site of injury. The nurse monitors the client, Mafenideacetate is a carbonic anhydraseinhibitor and can suppress renalexcretion
knowing that which of the following indicates of acid, thereby causing acidosis. Clients receiving this treatment should be
that a systemic effect has occurred? monitored for signs of an acid-base imbalance (hyperventilation). If this occurs, the
medication should be discontinued for 1 to 2 days. Options 3 and 4 describe local
1.Hyperventilation
rather than systemic effects. An elevated blood pressure may be expected from the
2.Elevated blood pressure
pain that occurs with a burn injury.
3.Local pain at the burn site
4.Local rash at the burn site
2. Triglyceride level
7. 7.) Isotretinoin is prescribed for a client with
Rationale:
severe acne. Before the administration of this
Isotretinoin can elevate triglyceride levels. Blood triglyceride levels should be
medication, the nurse anticipates that which
laboratory test will be prescribed? measured before treatment and periodically thereafter until the effect on the
triglycerides has been evaluated. Options 1, 3, and 4 do not need to be monitored
1. Platelet count
specifically during this treatment.
2. Triglyceride level
3. Complete blood count
4. White blood cell count
1. Vitamin A
8. 8.) A client with severe acne is seen in the
Rationale:
clinic and the health care provider (HCP)
Isotretinoinis ametabolite of vitamin Aand canproducegeneralizedintensification
prescribes isotretinoin. The nurse reviews the
of isotretinoin toxicity. Because of the potential for increased toxicity, vitamin A
client's medication record and would contact
supplementsshould be discontinued beforeisotretinointherapy.Options 2, 3, and 4
the (HCP) if the client is taking which
are not contraindicated with the use of isotretinoin.
medication?
1. Vitamin A
2. Digoxin (Lanoxin)
3. Furosemide (Lasix)
4. Phenytoin (Dilantin)
2. Axilla
9. 9.) The nurse is applying a topical
Rationale:
corticosteroid to a client with eczema. The
Topicalcorticosteroids can be absorbedinto the systemic circulation. Absorption is
nurse would monitor for the potential for
higher from regions where the skin is especially permeable (scalp, axilla, face,
increased systemic absorption of the
eyelids, neck, perineum, genitalia), and lower from regions in which permeability is
medication if the medication were being
poor (back, palms, soles).
applied to which of the following body areas?
1. Back
2. Axilla
3. Soles of the feet
4. Palms of the hands
1. Acne
10. 10.) The clinic nurse is performing an
Rationale:
admission assessment on a client. The nurse
Azelaic acid is a topical medication used to treat mild to moderate acne. The acid
notes that the client is taking azelaic acid
appears to work by suppressing the growth of Propionibacterium acnes and
(Azelex). Because of the medication
decreasing the proliferation of keratinocytes. Options 2, 3, and 4 are incorrect.
prescription, the nurse would suspect that the
client is being treated for:
1. Acne
2. Eczema
3. Hair loss
4. Herpes simplex
,11. 11.) The health care provider has prescribed silver 3. "The medication will permanently stain my skin."
sulfadiazine (Silvadene) for the client with a partial- Rationale:
thickness burn, which has cultured positive for gram- Silver sulfadiazine (Silvadene) is an antibacterial that has a broad spectrum
negative bacteria. The nurse is reinforcing of activity against gram-negativebacteria, gram-positive bacteria, and
information to the client about the medication. Which yeast. It is applied directly to the wound to assist in healing. It does not
stain the skin.
statement made by the client indicates a lack of
understanding about the treatments?
1. "The medication is an antibacterial."
2. "The medication will help heal the burn."
3. "The medication will permanently stain my skin."
4. "The medication should be applied directly to the
wound."
1. Notify the registered nurse.
12. 12.) A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving an
Rationale:
intravenous (IV) infusion of an antineoplastic
When antineoplastic medications (Chemotheraputic Agents) are
medication. During theinfusion, the client complains
administeredvia IV, greatcaremust be taken to preventthe medication from
of pain at the insertion site. During an inspection of
escaping into the tissues surrounding the injection site, because pain, tissue
the site, the nurse notes redness and swelling and
damage, and necrosis can result. The nurse monitors for signs of
that the rate of infusion of the medication has
extravasation, such as redness or swelling at the insertion site and a
slowed. The nurse should take which appropriate
decreasedinfusion rate. If extravasationoccurs, the registerednurseneeds
action?
to be notified; he or she will then contact the health care provider.
1. Notify the registered nurse.
2. Administer painmedicationtoreduce the
discomfort.
3. Apply ice and maintain the infusion rate, as
prescribed.
4. Elevate the extremity of the IV site, and slow the
infusion.
4. Pulmonary function studies
13. 13.) The client with squamous cell carcinoma of the
Rationale:
larynx is receiving bleomycin intravenously. The
nurse caring for the client anticipates that which Bleomycin is anantineoplasticmedication (Chemotheraputic Agents) that
diagnostic study will be prescribed? can cause interstitial pneumonitis, which can progress to pulmonary fibrosis.
Pulmonary function studies along with hematological, hepatic, and renal
1. Echocardiography
function tests need to be monitored. The nurse needs to monitor lung
2. Electrocardiography
sounds for dyspnea and crackles, which indicate pulmonary toxicity. The
3. Cervical radiography
medication needs to be discontinued immediately if pulmonary toxicity
4. Pulmonary function studies
occurs. Options 1, 2, and 3 are unrelated to the specific use of this
medication.
2. Uric acidlevel
14. 14.) The client with acute myelocytic leukemia is
Rationale:
being treated with busulfan (Myleran). Which
Busulfan (Myleran) can cause an increase in the uric acid level.
laboratory value would the nurse specifically
Hyperuricemiacanproduceuricacidnephropathy, renalstones, andacute
monitor during treatment with this medication?
renal failure. Options 1, 3, and 4 are not specifically related to this
1. Clotting time
medication.
2. Uric acid level
3. Potassium level
4. Blood glucose level
, 15. 15.) The client with small cell lung cancer is 4. Orthostatic hypotension
being treated with etoposide (VePesid). The Rationale:
nurse who is assisting in caring for the client A side effectspecific to etoposide is orthostatic hypotension. The client's blood
during its administration understands that which pressure is monitored during the infusion. Hair loss occurs with nearly all the
side effect is specifically associated with this antineoplastic medications. Chest pain and pulmonary fibrosis are unrelated to
this medication.
medication?
1. Alopecia
2. Chest pain
3. Pulmonary fibrosis
4. Orthostatic hypotension
3. Consult with health care providers (HCPs) before receiving immunizations
16. 16.) The clinic nurse is reviewing a teaching plan
for the client receiving an antineoplastic Rationale:
Because antineoplastic medications lower the resistance of the body, clients must
medication. When implementing the plan, the
be informed not to receiveimmunizations without a HCP's approval. Clients also
nurse tells the client:
need to avoid contact with individuals who have recently received a live virus
1. To take aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) as
vaccine. Clients need to avoid aspirin and aspirin-containing products to minimize
needed for headache
the risk of bleeding, and they need to avoid alcohol to minimize the risk of
2. Drink beverages containing alcohol in
toxicity and side effects.
moderate amounts each evening
3. Consult with health care providers (HCPs)
before receiving immunizations
4. That it is not necessary to consult HCPs
before receiving a flu vaccine at the local
health fair
4. Numbness and tingling in the fingers andtoes
17. 17.) The client with ovarian cancer is being
Rationale:
treated with vincristine (Oncovin). The nurse
A side effect specific to vincristine is peripheral neuropathy, which occurs in
monitors the client, knowing that which of the
almost every client. Peripheral neuropathy can be manifested as numbness and
following indicates a side effect specific to this
tingling in the fingers and toes. Depression of the Achilles tendon reflex may be
medication?
the first clinical sign indicating peripheral neuropathy. Constipation rather than
1. Diarrhea
diarrhea is most likely to occur with this medication, although diarrhea may occur
2. Hair loss
occasionally. Hair loss occurs with nearly all the antineoplastic medications.
3. Chest pain
Chest pain is unrelated to this medication.
4. Numbness and tingling in the fingers and
toes
1. Pancreatitis
18. 18.) The nurse is reviewing the history and
Rationale:
physical examination of a client who will be
Asparaginase (Elspar) is contraindicated if hypersensitivity exists, in pancreatitis, or
receiving asparaginase (Elspar), an
if the client has a history of pancreatitis. The medication impairs pancreatic
antineoplastic agent. The nurse consults with
function and pancreatic function tests should be performed beforetherapy begins
the registered nurse regarding the
and when a week or morehas elapsed between administration of the doses. The
administration of the medication if which of the
client needs to be monitored for signs of pancreatitis, which include nausea,
following is documented in the client's history?
vomiting, and abdominal pain. Theconditions noted in options 2, 3, and 4 arenot
1. Pancreatitis
contraindicated with this medication.
2. Diabetes mellitus
3. Myocardial infarction
4. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
