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NBME CBSE REAL EXAM 200 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST (usmle step 1)MEDICAL EXAMINATION $17.99
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NBME CBSE REAL EXAM 200 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST (usmle step 1)MEDICAL EXAMINATION

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NBME CBSE REAL EXAM 200 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST (usmle step 1)MEDICAL EXAMINATION Bulbus cordis Smooth parts (outflow tract) of left and right ventricles endocardial cushions Atrial septum, membranous interventricular septum; AV and semilunar valves neural crest left horn of the sinus ...

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  • January 13, 2025
  • 71
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • NBME CBSE REAL
  • NBME CBSE REAL
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NBME CBSE REAL EXAM 200 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS LATEST (usmle step 1)MEDICAL
EXAMINATION




Bulbus cordis

Smooth parts (outflow tract) of left and right ventricles




endocardial cushions

Atrial septum, membranous interventricular septum; AV and semilunar valves



neural crest




left horn of the sinus venosus

coronary sinus




posterior, sub cardinal, and supra cardinal veins

IVC

,Right common cardinal vein and right anterior cardinal vein

SVC




Right horn of sinus venosus

Smooth part of right atrium (sinus venarum)




Patent foramen ovale

failure of septum primum and septum secundum to fuse after birth




Transposition of the great vessels

Tetralogy of Fallot

Persistent truncus arteriosus

Conotruncal abnormalities associated with failure of neural crest cells to migrate




ductus venosus

connects the umbilical vein to the inferior vena cava, bypassing the liver



becomes ligamentum venosum




phrenic nerve

innervates the diaphragm and pericardium

,S3 heart sound

Increased ventricular filling pressure (e.g., mitral regurgitation, HF), common in dilated ventricles



normal in kids and pregnant women




S4 heart sound

atrial kick late diastole, right before S1



best heard at apex in LLD position



High atrial pressure.



Stiff/hypertrophic ventricle (aortic stenosis, restrictive cardiomyopathy)



Always abnormal




atria contract

a wave of JVP




c wave

RV contraction (closed tricuspid valve bulging into atrium) wave of JVP




x descent

, JVP wave corresponding to downward displacement of closed tricuspid valve during rapid ventricular
ejection phase



reduced or absent in tricuspid regurge




V wave

JVP wave corresponding to inc'd RA pressure due to filling against closed tricuspid valve




y descent

JVP wave corresponding to RA emptying into RV



absent in cardiac tamponade




plusus parvus et tardus

pulses are weak with delayed peak



Aortic stenosis




PR interval

0.12-0.20 seconds



120 milliseconds




QT interval length

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