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Samenvatting les 19 - Metalen en zouten $3.17
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Samenvatting les 19 - Metalen en zouten

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Deze samenvatting omvat: Metalen en kristalroosters Dichtste bolstapeling Dichtste bolstapeling (Face contered cubic en Hexagonal closed packing) Niet dichtste bolstapeling (body centered cubic) Bandentheorie voor metalen en halfgeleiders (verwijzing cursus van prof Van der Voort) Ionaire bin...

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  • January 13, 2025
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  • 2023/2024
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Metalen en Zouten

Deel 1 - Metalen
1. Metalen en kristalroosters
● In kristallijne vaste stof → atomen, moleculen, ionen volgens streng en specifiek patroon
● Kristalrooster = herhalen ve structurele bouwsteen: de eenheidscel
● Metalen komen meestal voor in kubisch kristalrooster of hexagonaal kristalrooster






2. Dichtste bolstapeling - FCC en HCP
● Bollen v gelijke grootte → stapelen in “dichtste bolstapeling”
● Zo weinig mogelijk V innemen → elke volgende laag w in holtes v vorige laag gestapeld

3. Dichtste bolstapeling: Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
● uit ABCABC dichtste bolstapeling kan eenheidscel w uitgesneden → FCC structuur
● FCC-structuur = kubus waarin zich bollen (atomen) bevinden die gecentreerd zijn op de
hoekpunten en op de middelpunten vd vlakken
● Ribbe kubus 2a2 = (4R)2
3
● Volume kubus Vkubus = Vcel = 16 2𝑅
4 3
𝑉𝑏𝑜𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑛 4 * ( 3 ) π𝑅
● Atomic Packing Factor (APF) = 3 = 0.740 → 74%
𝑉𝑘𝑢𝑏𝑢𝑠 (16 2 * 𝑅 )


4. Dichtste bolstapeling: Hexagonal Closed Packing (HCP)
● Andere sequentie, nl: ABABAB
● Benut beschikbare ruimte op analoge wijze (74%), maar in een Hexagonaal rooster
● zie foto 292

5. Niet dichtste bolstapeling - Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
● De atomen bevinden zich op elk hoekpunt ve kubus en in het snijpunt vd overhoekse
diagonalen
● Centrale atoom raakt alle 8 naburen die op de hoekpunten vd omgeschreven kubus
gelegen zijn
● Hoekatomen raken elkaar NIET onderling
4 3
2 * ( 3 )π𝑅 3*π
● APF = 3 = = 0.68 = 68%
64 𝑅 8
3 3

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