Exam (elaborations)

Biology Review

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A level Biology

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A Level Biology

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Uploaded on January 13, 2025
Number of pages 6
Written in 2024/2025
Type Exam (elaborations)
Contains Questions & answers

biology review alleles ansdifferent forms of a g

Institution
A level Biology
Education
A level Biology
Course
A level Biology

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Biology Review
Alleles - ansdifferent forms of a gene

Biodiversity - ansResults in stability in an ecosystem. Biodiversity is a measure of the number and types of
organisms that live in an ecosystem

Cell Wall - ansstrong layer around the cell membrane in plants, algae, and some bacteria

Chargaff's Rule - ansequal amounts of adenine bonds with thymine and equal amount of guanine bonds with
cytosine

Chromosomes - ansthreadlike structures made of DNA molecules that contain the genes

Darwin's Theory of Natural Selection - ans1. More offspring are born into a population that can survive.

2. These offspring all contain variations

3. These offspring must compete for natural resources

4. The organisms with the best variations will survive and reproduce. (Survival of the fittest)

5. Over time, descent (the ancestors will be different from offspring) with modification will occur.

Diploid - anscell with two of each kind of chromosome; is said to contain a diploid, or 2n, number of
chromosomes;

2n-where n is the number of chromosomes

DNA - ansdeoxyribonucleic acid, the material that contains the information that determines inherited
characteristics;

Base pair matching is:

Adenine bonds ONLY with Thymine,

Thymine bonds ONLY with Adenine,

, Cytosine bond ONLY with Guanine

Guanine bond ONLY with Cytosine

DNA Replication - ansThe DNA double helix strand separates and becomes a template for a new and identical
strand. As the strand separates each A pairs with a T and T pairs with an A while each C pairs with a G and each
G pairs with a C. If the original was ACTCAG then the new strand would be TGAGTC.

DNA vs RNA - ansDNA, sugar is deoxyribose, two strands, base - thymine

RNA, sugar is ribose, one strand, base - uracil, only molecule to enter or leave the nucleus

Dominance - ansan organism with a dominant allele for a particular form of a trait will always exhibit that form
of the trait. (ex. Bb ---The big B would be dominant;

Allele which masks the presence of a recessive

Ex: AA or Aa

Endoplasmic Reticulum - ansa system of membranes that is found in a cell's cytoplasm and that assists in the
production, processing, and transport of proteins and in the production of lipids;

folded transport system for the cell

Evolution - ansIs change in organisms over time

Gametes - ansreproductive cells, have only half the number of chromosomes as body cells;

in humans, the egg or sperm

Genes - anssequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait

Genotype vs Phenotype - ansGenotype is the genetic makeup; what can be passed on to your children

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