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Zusammenfassung Chemie Thema Aldehyde, Ester, Fette $7.13
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Zusammenfassung Chemie Thema Aldehyde, Ester, Fette

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Zusammenfassung Chemie Basisfach klasse 11, thema aldehyde, nomenklatur, fette, ester

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  • January 15, 2025
  • 5
  • 2021/2022
  • Summary
  • Secondary school
  • Gymnasium
  • 1
avatar-seller
e
· KLAUSUR1

I NOMENKLATUR
.




Methyl
CHy
Methan

3--
C
o
2C Ethan


CHz 3C Propan
Butt
Kohlenstoffkette 4) Butan
.
1
längste
>
-

7 =
heptan
Pentagon
>
-


so nummerieren das
,
C-Atom mit OH Gruppe 5C Pentan
die
kleinstmögliche Zahl hat
Hexe
GC Hexan
2 .
Namen der Seitenketten (-y)
>
-
nach Alphabet 7C Heptan
Oktopus
.
3 Anzahl der
gleichen Seitenketten 8C Octan
(di- ...;
tri- ; tetra-; penta- ; ... (
9C Nonan
4 .
Wo
hängen die Seitenkelten ?
Decade
10C Decan
.
5 -
ol für Alkanol


an welchem C-Atom

oft ? Kette
· wie
längste
> Alkanol

4 -




Ethyl-5 5-dimethylheptan-1-0
,



L
Seitenketten · an welchem C-Atom hängt OH ?

, .
2 ALDEHYDNACHWEIS

Tollens-Probe


·
·

2 ml
2 Spritzer
Silbernitratlösung
verdünnte
in
Reagenzglas]
Natronlauge
dunkler Niederschlag

·



portionsweise Ammoniaklösung bis sich
Niederschlag
auflöst -Schütteln

+ 2 ml
Aldehyd-Lösung und im Wasserbad erhitzen
·





positiver Nachweis : wird Silber

reaktions
gleichung :




c-
Öl
c"
-




H
+
2Ag" + 20H
aus
> -
c -




H
+
Ag
+
Hz0
aus Silber Wasser
Aldehyd Silbernitrat Natronlauge Säure



. OXIDATION
3 VON AIKOHOLEN

primärer Sekundarev er
+
+ ià rer



BSp -
BSP ..
Bsp : H h : -




H-C-C-C-C - c
-
H -

H -




4-
i
I

-
l
it If 2-Propand a
i
1-Butanol
2-Methylpropan-Zol




Überprüfung mit
Schiffsreagenz :




-Kein
Alderyd
-




-P
positiv- Aldehyd

Ergebnis :




Alkanone (Ketone) entstehen .
>
-


können nicht ohne Bruch der

Alkanale (Aldenydel (BSp : Aceton (
C-C-Bindung oxidiert werden

entstehen. betreffenden
tragen
-
> am
Aldehydgruppe
1

Carbonylgruppe mit H-
Ketogruppe/Carbonylgruppe C-Atom kein abspaltbares
H- Atom
Ligand)


R- R-
C
Primär O oder 1 zusätzl
wenn an CAtom
,
wo Oh
hängt .
C-Atome .


Sekundä-- 2 -
11- -




tertiär-- 3 11-
-


S

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