TESTBANK
TestBankforFoundationsofMentalHealthCare
n
8thEdition
TESTBANK
, Valfre:FoundationsofMentalHealthCare8thEdition
Chapter01:TheHistoryofMentalCare
MULTIPLECHOICE n
1. ThebeliefoftheancientGreekphilosopherPlatothattherationalsoulcontrolledtheirrational B
Bsoulcouldbecomparedwiththebeliefofthemorerecentpsychologicaltheorist:
n n n n n
a. Freud
b. Pinel
c. Fisher
d. Rush
ANS:A
SigmundFreudbelievedthatmentalillnesswas,inpart,causedbyforcesbothwithinandoutsidethe
n n B
Bpersonality.PhilippePinel advocatedacceptanceofmentallyillindividualsashumanbeingsin
n B
needofmedicalassistance.AliceFisherwasaFlorenceNightingalenursewhocaredforthe
B n
Bmentallyill,andDr.BenjaminRushwastheauthorofthebookDiseasesoftheMind.
n n n n n
PTS: 1 B DIF: CognitiveLevel:Comprehension REF:p.4 n
OBJ: 2
B TOP:EarlyYears ofMentalHealth
B n
KEY: NursingProcessStep:Assessment
B MSC:ClientNeeds:PsychosocialIntegrity
2. Duringthemid-1500s,behaviorsassociated with mentalillnessweremoreaccurately
n n n
Brecordedbyprofessionals.Thispracticeledto fordifferentabnormal
behaviors.
B
a. Classifications
b. Diagnosing
c. Treatment
d. Education
ANS:A
Classificationofabnormalbehaviorsdidnotbeginuntilthistime,afterthepracticeofmoreaccurate
n n n n n
recordingofbehaviorswasbegun.Diagnoses,treatment guidelines,and anyeducationregarding
B n n
mentalhealthdisorderswerenotavailableduringthisperiod.
B
PTS: 1 B DIF: CognitiveLevel:Knowledge REF:p.5 n
OBJ: 3
B TOP:MentalIllnessDuringtheRenaissance
B
KEY: NursingProcessStep:Assessment
B MSC:ClientNeeds:PsychosocialIntegrity
3. Duringthelatterpartoftheeighteenth century,psychiatrybecameaseparatebranchof
n n n
Bmedicine,andinhumanetreatmentwasgreatlydiminishedbytheFrenchhospitaldirector:
n n n
a. Dix
b. Beers
c. Pinel
d. Carter
ANS:C
, PhilippePineladvocatedacceptanceofthementallyill,aswellaspropertreatment.DorotheaDix
n n n n n
crusadedforconstructionofmentalhealthhospitals.Clifford BeerswrotethebookAMindThat
B n B
FoundItself.PresidentJimmyCarterestablishedthePresident’sCommissionon MentalHealthin
B n n B
1978.
B
PTS: 1 B DIF: CognitiveLevel:Knowledge REF:p.5 n
OBJ: 4
B BTOP:MentalIllnessintheEighteenthCentury
KEY: NursingProcessStep:Assessment
B MSC:ClientNeeds:PsychosocialIntegrity
4. In1841, surveyed asylums,jails,andalmshousesthroughouttheUnited n n n
States,Canada,andScotlandandiscreditedwithbringingaboutpublicawarenessandreformforthe
B n n n n n n
careofthementallyill.
B
a. SigmundFreud
b. JohnCade
c. FlorenceNightingale
d. DorotheaDix
ANS:D
DorotheaDixspent20yearssurveyingfacilitiesthathousedmentallyillindividualsandiscredited n n
withmajorchangesinthecareofthementallyill.SigmundFreudintroducedtheconceptof
B n n n B
psychoanalysis,JohnCadediscoveredlithiumcarbonateforthetreatmentofbipolardisorder,and
B B
FlorenceNightingaletrainednursesinEnglandinthe1800s.
B n
PTS: 1 B DIF: CognitiveLevel:Knowledge REF:p.6 n
OBJ: 4
B BTOP:MentalIllnessintheNineteenthCentury n
KEY: NursingProcessStep:Assessment
B MSC:ClientNeeds:PsychosocialIntegrity
5. As adirectresultofCliffordN
nB n BeeRr s’ I
nw o rG
k anBd.boCok,MAMind ThatFoundItself,theCommitteefor
n n n B B B B Bn n B B B B B B B nB nB n n
MentalHygienewasformedin1909withafocusonpreventionofmentalillnessand:
B n
a. Earlydetectionofsymptomsofmentalillness n n n
b. Educationofcaregivers
c. Currenttreatmentoptions n
d. Removingthestigmaattachedtomentalillness n n
ANS:D
CliffordBeers’bookreflectedonhisattemptatsuicidefollowedbythedeplorablecarehereceived n n n B
Bforthenext3yearsinmentalhospitals.Beers’workandbookraisedtheconsciousnessofpeople
n B
Bthroughoutthecountryregardingpreventionand removalofthestigmaofhavingamentalillness.
n n n B
Earlydetectionofsymptoms,educationofcaregivers,and currenttreatmentoptionsregarding
B n n n
mentalillnesswerenotthefocusofhisbook,norweretheyapriorityfortheCommitteeforMental
B B
BHygiene.
PTS: 1 B DIF: CognitiveLevel:Knowledge REF:p.6 n
OBJ: 4
B BTOP:MentalIllnessintheTwentiethCentury
KEY: NursingProcessStep:Assessment
B MSC:ClientNeeds:PsychosocialIntegrity
6. Duringthe1930s,whatcommontreatmentforschizophreniacausedclientstofallintoacomathat
n n n n n
couldlastaslongas50hours?
B
a. Electroconvulsivetherapy
b. Insulintherapy n
c. Humoraltherapy
, d. Amphetaminetherapy
ANS:B
Insulintherapywasbelievedtosuccessfullytreatschizophreniain theearly1900s.Amphetamines
n n n B
Bwereusedtotreatdepression,andelectroconvulsivetherapywasusedforseveredepression.
n n
Humoraltherapy,whichoriginatedinancientGreeceandRome,wasa beliefthatmentalillness
n n n n
Bresultedfromanimbalanceofthehumorsofair,fire,water,andearth.
n n
PTS: 1 B DIF: CognitiveLevel:Knowledge REF:p.8 n
OBJ: 5
B B TOP:InfluencesofWaronMentalHealthTherapies n n
KEY: NursingProcessStep:Assessment
B MSC:ClientNeeds:PsychosocialIntegrity
7. Inthe1930s,whatmentalhealthdisorderwaselectroconvulsivetherapy(ECT)mostoftenused
n n
B totreat?
a. Schizophrenia
b. Bipolardisorder
c. Severedepression
d. Violentbehavior n
ANS:C
ECTwasfoundtobeaneffectivetreatmentforseveredepressioninthe1930s.Duringthis
n n B
Bperiod,schizophreniawastreatedwithinsulintherapy,andviolentbehaviorwastreatedwitha
n n n n
lobotomy.In1949,lithiumcarbonatewasdiscoveredasatreatment forbipolardisorder.
B n n n
PTS: 1 B DIF: CognitiveLevel:Knowledge REF:p.6 n
OBJ: 5
B B TOP:InfluencesofWaronMentalHealthTherapies n n
B B
NssesR
KEY: NursingProcessStep:A smeI
nt n B B B
GM SBC:. CCl i e nMt B n B B Needs:PsychosocialIntegrity
n
USNT O
8. Intheearlytwentiethcentury,afrontallobotomywasacommontreatmentforviolent n n
B behaviors.Whichdescriptionofthisprocedureisaccurate?
a. Aprocedurethatdeliversanelectricalstimulustothefrontallobesofthebrain
n
b. Asurgicalprocedurethatdrillsholesinthefrontoftheskulltodrainfluid n n
c. Asurgicalprocedurethatseversthefrontallobesofthebrainfromthethalamus
n n
d. Asurgicalprocedurethatinsertsimplantsintothefrontallobesofthebrain
n
ANS:C
Afrontallobotomyisasurgicalprocedureinwhichthefrontallobesofthebrainaresevered fromthe n n n n n n
Bthalamus.
PTS: 1 B DIF: CognitiveLevel:Knowledge REF:p.6 n
OBJ: 5
B B TOP:InfluencesofWaronMentalHealthTherapies n n
KEY: NursingProcessStep:Assessment
B MSC:ClientNeeds:PsychosocialIntegrity
9. Whichclassofdrugswasintroducedinthe1930sforthetreatmentofdepression?
n n
a. SSRIs
b. Tricyclicantidepressants
c. MAOIs
ANS:D
