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Samenvatting bedrijfseconomie 1BEM

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Samenvatting bedrijfseconomie, duidelijk onderscheid tussen wat er in de les gezien werd en uit het boek gehaald is.

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  • May 4, 2020
  • 47
  • 2019/2020
  • Summary

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By: mskq • 2 year ago

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By: EvelienxF • 3 year ago

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BEDRIJFSECONOMIE

,Inhoudsopgave
1. Inleiding........................................................................................................................................4
1.1. Management accounting........................................................................................................4
1.1.1. Cost accounting = kostprijsberekening..................................................................................................4
1.1.2. Uitgangspunt..........................................................................................................................................5
1.2. Cost Management..................................................................................................................5
1.3. Strategische langetermijnplanning.........................................................................................5
1.4. Operationele planning en budgettering..................................................................................6
1.5. Management controle............................................................................................................6
2. Kostenbegrippen en kostprijscomponenten..................................................................................7
2.1. Kosten en kostprijs................................................................................................................7
2.2. Kostindeling............................................................................................................................7
2.2.1. Directe en indirecte kosten...................................................................................................................8
2.2.2. Vaste en variabele kosten......................................................................................................................8
2.2.3. Totale kostprijs....................................................................................................................................10
3. Activity Based Costing.................................................................................................................11
3.1. Tekortkomingen van bestaande kostprijssystemen..............................................................11
3.1.1. Traditionele kostprijssysteem..............................................................................................................11
3.2. Activity Based Costing..........................................................................................................12
4. Standaardkostencalculatie: Kostprijsberekening overeenkomstig tijdsaspect.............................13
4.1. Actual versus Standard Costing.............................................................................................13
4.1.1. Calculatietechnieken...........................................................................................................................13
4.1.2. Actual Costing......................................................................................................................................13
4.1.3. Standard Costing = Standaardkostprijsmethode.................................................................................14
4.1.4. Normal Costing....................................................................................................................................15
4.2. Kostprijsberekening met afval en uitval...............................................................................15
4.2.1. Afval.....................................................................................................................................................15
4.2.2. Uitval....................................................................................................................................................15
5. Inleiding......................................................................................................................................16
5.1. Begrip...................................................................................................................................16
5.1.1. Definities..............................................................................................................................................17
5.2. Neerleggingsverplichting jaarrekening.................................................................................17
5.2.1. Volledige VS verkort schema..............................................................................................................20
5.2.2. Overzicht..............................................................................................................................................20
5.2.3. Neerleggingsverplichting: termijn.......................................................................................................20
5.2.4. Elementen bij de jaarrekening.............................................................................................................20
5.2.5. Andere stukken neer te leggen bij de jaarrekening............................................................................21
5.2.6. Gevolgen bij niet- of laattijdige neerlegging van de jaarrekening......................................................21
5.2.7. Ondernemingsdossier..........................................................................................................................21
5.2.8. Vergelijking van de onderneming met haar sector.............................................................................21
5.2.9. Ter Info.................................................................................................................................................21
5.3. De Balans..............................................................................................................................22
5.3.1. Activa...................................................................................................................................................22
5.3.2. Passiva..................................................................................................................................................24
5.3.3. De resultatenrekening en de resultaatverwerking..............................................................................25


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Bedrijfseconomie

, 5.3.4. Toelichting...........................................................................................................................................27
5.3.5. Sociale balans......................................................................................................................................27
5.3.6. Het jaarverslag.....................................................................................................................................27
6. Een eerste snelle analyse van de jaarrekening............................................................................28
6.1. Herwerkte balans.................................................................................................................28
6.2. Bedrijfskapitaal.....................................................................................................................29
6.2.1. Gezonde financiële structuur..............................................................................................................29
6.2.2. Netto bedrijfskapitaal..........................................................................................................................29
6.3. Herwerkte resultatenrekening..............................................................................................30
7. Ratioanalyse...............................................................................................................................31
7.1. Financiële analyse en ratioanalyse.......................................................................................31
7.1.1. Begrip...................................................................................................................................................31
7.2. Liquiditeit analyseren...........................................................................................................32
7.2.1. Betekenis.............................................................................................................................................32
7.2.2. Liquiditeit in ruime enge zin (Current ratio)........................................................................................32
7.2.3. Liquiditeit in enge zin (Acid test).........................................................................................................32
7.2.4. Netto bedrijfskapitaal behoefte..........................................................................................................32
7.2.5. Nettokas...............................................................................................................................................34
7.2.6. Voorraadrotatie...................................................................................................................................34
7.2.7. Aantal dagen klantenkrediet...............................................................................................................35
7.2.8. Aantal dagen leverancierskrediet........................................................................................................35
7.3. Solvabiliteitsratio’s...............................................................................................................36
7.3.1. Schuldgraad.........................................................................................................................................36
7.3.2. De solvabiliteitsgraad/ graad van financiële onafhankelijkheid.........................................................36
7.3.3. Dekkingsratio.......................................................................................................................................36
7.4. Rendabiliteitsratio’s.............................................................................................................37
7.4.1. Return on equity..................................................................................................................................37
7.4.2. Return on assets..................................................................................................................................37
7.5. Toegevoegdewaarde ratio’s.................................................................................................38
7.5.1. Bruto toegevoegde waarde.................................................................................................................38
7.5.2. Bruto toegevoegde waarde marge......................................................................................................38
7.5.3. Bruto toegevoegde waarde per personeelslid....................................................................................38
7.6. Formularium examen...........................................................................................................39
7.6.1. Liquiditeitsratio’s.................................................................................................................................39
7.6.2. Solvabiliteitratio’s................................................................................................................................39
7.6.3. Rendabiliteitsratio’s.............................................................................................................................39
8. Inleiding......................................................................................................................................40
8.1. Inhoud en definities..............................................................................................................40
8.2. Bouwstenen.........................................................................................................................40
8.2.1. Actie en gedragscontrole.....................................................................................................................40
8.2.2. Culturele, sociale en personeelscontrole............................................................................................41
8.2.3. Resultaatscontrole...............................................................................................................................41
8.2.4. Control Tightness vs Looseness...........................................................................................................41
8.2.5. Het beloningsysteem als onderdeel van managementcontrole.........................................................41
9. Resultaatcontrole........................................................................................................................43
9.1. Elementen van de resultaatcontrole.....................................................................................43
9.1.1. Financiële resultaatcontrole................................................................................................................43


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Bedrijfseconomie

, 9.1.2. Budgettering........................................................................................................................................43




3
Bedrijfseconomie

, Cost Accounting
1. Inleiding
Cost
accounting
Financial Management
Accounting Accounting

1.1. Management accounting
Management accounting is een continu verbeteringsproces voor het plannen,
ontwerpen, toetsen en toepassen van zowel niet-financiële als financiële
informatiesystemen, dat toegevoegde waarde creëert. Dit proces geeft richting
aan de activiteiten van het management, motiveert het gedrag en ondersteunt
en levert culturele normen en waarden die nodig zijn om de strategische,
tactische en operationele doelstellingen van een organisatie te bereiken.

1.1.1. Cost accounting = kostprijsberekening
Houdt zich bezig met het toewijzen van kosten (= verbruikte inputs) aan
kostenobjecten.
2 doelstellingen
- Informatie over kostprijs van product/ diensten voor externe verslaggeving
(productiekostprijs)
- Gebruik van kostprijsinformatie om beslissingen te nemen (totale kostprijs)

2 accountingsystemen
- Financial accounting
- Managementaccounting

1.1.1.1. Financial accounting
Het proces voor het maken van verslagen voor externe partijen, voor personen
buiten de organisatie, zoals aandeelhouders, crediteuren en overheidsinstanties.

Het proces volstrekt zich binnen strikte beperkingen/ Moeten zich houden aan:
- Gebaseerd op de werkelijke kosten (historische of na gecalculeerde
kosten);
- Instituten die geldende normen bepalen;
- Wetgevende instanties:
- Belastingdiensten;
- Voorschriften van onafhankelijke accounts

1.1.1.2. Management accounting
Continu verbeteringsproces voor plannen, ontwerpen, toetsen en toepassen van
zowel niet-financiële als financiële informatiesystemen, dat toegevoegde waarde
creëert.

Geeft richting aan activiteiten van management, motiveert gedrag en
ondersteunt en levert culturele normen en waarden die nodig zijn om
strategische, tactische en operationele doelstellingen van organisaties te
bereiken. Het accounting proces moet ook waarde toevoegen aan de
onderneming.



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Bedrijfseconomie

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