TESTBANK
TestBankforFoundationsofMentalHealthCare
n
8thEdition
TESTBANK
, Valfre:FoundationsofMentalHealthCare8thEdition
Chapter01:TheHistoryofMentalCare
MULTIPLECHOICE n
1. ThebeliefoftheancientGreekphilosopherPlatothattherationalsoulcontrolledtheirrational
soulcouldbecomparedwiththebeliefofthemorerecentpsychologicaltheorist:
v n n n
a. Freud
b. Pinel
c. Fisher
d. Rush
ANS:A
SigmundFreudbelievedthatmentalillnesswas,inpart,causedbyforcesbothwithinandoutsidethe
n
personality.PhilippePineladvocatedacceptanceofmentallyillindividualsashumanbeingsin
v
needofmedicalassistance.AliceFisherwasaFlorenceNightingalenursewhocaredforthe
v
mentallyill,andDr.BenjaminRushwastheauthorofthebookDiseasesoftheMind.
v n n n n n
PTS: 1 v DIF: CognitiveLevel:Comprehension REF:p.4
OBJ: 2
v v TOP:EarlyYearsofMentalHealth
KEY: NursingProcessStep:Assessment
v MSC:ClientNeeds:PsychosocialIntegrity
2. Duringthemid-1500s,behaviorsassociatedwithmentalillnessweremoreaccurately
recordedbyprofessionals.Thispracticeledto
v fordifferentabnormal
behaviors.
v
a. Classifications
b. Diagnosing
c. Treatment
d. Education
ANS:A
Classificationofabnormalbehaviorsdidnotbeginuntilthistime,afterthepracticeofmoreaccurate
n n
recordingofbehaviorswasbegun.Diagnoses,treatmentguidelines,and anyeducationregarding
v n
mentalhealthdisorderswerenotavailableduringthisperiod.
v
PTS: 1 v DIF: CognitiveLevel:Knowledge REF:p.5
OBJ: 3
v v TOP:MentalIllnessDuringtheRenaissance
KEY: NursingProcessStep:Assessment
v MSC:ClientNeeds:PsychosocialIntegrity
3. Duringthelatterpartoftheeighteenthcentury,psychiatrybecameaseparatebranchof
n n
medicine,andinhumanetreatmentwasgreatlydiminishedbytheFrenchhospitaldirector:
v
a. Dix
b. Beers
c. Pinel
d. Carter
ANS:C
, PhilippePineladvocatedacceptanceofthementallyill,aswellaspropertreatment.DorotheaDix
crusadedforconstructionofmentalhealthhospitals.CliffordBeerswrotethebookAMindThat
v
FoundItself.PresidentJimmyCarterestablishedthePresident’sCommissiononMentalHealthin
v
1978.
v
PTS: 1 DIF: CognitiveLevel:Knowledge
v REF:p.5
OBJ: 4
v TOP:MentalIllnessintheEighteenthCentury
v
KEY: NursingProcessStep:Assessment
v MSC:ClientNeeds:PsychosocialIntegrity
4. In1841, surveyedasylums,jails,andalmshousesthroughouttheUnited n
States,Canada,andScotlandandiscreditedwithbringingaboutpublicawarenessandreformforthe
v n n n n n
careofthementallyill.
v
a. SigmundFreud
b. JohnCade
c. FlorenceNightingale
d. DorotheaDix
ANS:D
DorotheaDixspent20yearssurveyingfacilitiesthathousedmentallyillindividualsandiscredited n n
withmajorchangesinthecareofthementallyill.SigmundFreudintroducedtheconceptof
v n n
psychoanalysis,JohnCadediscoveredlithiumcarbonateforthetreatmentofbipolardisorder,and
v
FlorenceNightingaletrainednursesinEnglandinthe1800s.
v
PTS: 1 DIF: CognitiveLevel:Knowledge
v REF:p.6
OBJ: 4
v TOP:MentalIllnessintheNineteenthCentury
v n
KEY: NursingProcessStep:Assessment
v MSC:ClientNeeds:PsychosocialIntegrity
5. As adirectresultofCliffordN
n vB v n BeeRrs’I
wor Gk anBd.boCok,MAMind That FoundItself,theCommitteefor
n n n n B v B v v v v B B B B B n v n v n n
MentalHygienewasformedin1909withafocusonpreventionofmentalillnessand:
v n
a. Earlydetectionofsymptomsofmentalillness n n
b. Educationofcaregivers
c. Currenttreatmentoptions n
d. Removingthestigmaattachedtomentalillness n
ANS:D
CliffordBeers’bookreflectedonhisattemptatsuicidefollowedb ythedeplorablecarehereceived n n
forthenext3yearsinmentalhospitals.Beers’workandbookraisedtheconsciousnessofpeople
v
throughoutthecountryregardingpreventionandremovalofthestigmaofhavingamentalillness.
v n
Earlydetectionofs ymptoms,educationofcaregivers,andcurrenttreatmentoptionsregarding
v n n
mentalillnesswerenotthefocusofhisbook,norweretheyapriorityfortheCommitteeforMental
v
Hygiene.
v
PTS: 1 DIF: CognitiveLevel:Knowledge
v REF:p.6
OBJ: 4
v TOP:MentalIllnessintheTwentiethCentury
v
KEY: NursingProcessStep:Assessment
v MSC:ClientNeeds:PsychosocialIntegrity
6. Duringthe1930s,whatcommontreatmentforschizophreniacausedclientstofallintoacomathat
n n n v
couldlastaslongas50hours?
v
a. Electroconvulsivetherapy
b. Insulintherapy n
c. Humoraltherapy
, d. Amphetaminetherapy
ANS:B
Insulintherapywasbelievedtosuccessfullytreatschizophreniaintheearly1900s.Amphetamines n
wereusedtotreatdepression,andelectroconvulsivetherapywasusedforseveredepression.
v n n
Humoraltherapy,whichoriginatedinancientGreeceandRome,wasabeliefthatmentalillness
n n n v
resultedfromanimbalanceofthehumorsofair,fire,water,andearth.
v n
PTS: 1 v DIF: CognitiveLevel:Knowledge REF:p.8
OBJ: 5
v v TOP:InfluencesofWaronMentalHealthTherapies n
KEY: NursingProcessStep:Assessment
v MSC:ClientNeeds:PsychosocialIntegrity
7. Inthe1930s,whatmentalhealthdisorderwaselectroconvulsivetherapy(ECT)mostoftenused
n
totreat?
v
a. Schizophrenia
b. Bipolardisorder
c. Severedepression
d. Violentbehavior
ANS:C
ECTwasfoundtobeaneffectivetreatmentforseveredepressioninthe1930s.Duringthis
n n
period,schizophreniawastreatedwithinsulintherapy,andviolentbehaviorwastreatedwitha
v n n n
lobotomy.In1949,lithiumcarbonatewasdiscoveredasatreatment forbipolardisorder.
v n
PTS: 1 v DIF: CognitiveLevel:Knowledge REF:p.6
OBJ: 5
v v TOP:InfluencesofWaronMentalHealthTherapies n
v NssesRs meInt GMSBC:. CClie nMt
KEY: NursingProcess Step:A n v vv Needs:PsychosocialIntegrity
n
USNT O
8. Intheearlytwentiethcentury,afrontallobotomywasacommontreatmentforviolent n
behaviors.Whichdescriptionofthisprocedureisaccurate?
v
a. Aprocedurethatdeliversanelectricalstimulustothefrontallobesofthebrain
b. Asurgicalprocedurethatdrillsholesinthefrontoftheskulltodrainfluid
n n
c. Asurgicalprocedurethatseversthefrontallobesofthebrainfromthethalamus
n
d. Asurgicalprocedurethatinsertsimplantsintothefrontallobesofthebrain
n
ANS:C
Afrontallobotomyisasurgicalprocedureinwhichthefrontallobesofthebrainareseveredfromthe n n n v
thalamus.
v
PTS: 1 v DIF: CognitiveLevel:Knowledge REF:p.6
OBJ: 5
v v TOP:InfluencesofWaronMentalHealthTherapies n
KEY: NursingProcessStep:Assessment
v MSC:ClientNeeds:PsychosocialIntegrity
9. Whichclassofdrugswasintroducedinthe1930sforthetreatmentofdepression?
n n
a. SSRIs
b. Tricyclicantidepressants
c. MAOIs
ANS:D
