,2. What is the primary cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease (COPD)?
- A. Genetic predisposition
- B. Viral infections
- C. Long-term exposure to irritants such as tobacco smoke
- D. Bacterial infections
- ANS: C. Long-term exposure to irritants such as tobacco
smoke
- Rationale: The primary cause of COPD is long-term
exposure to irritants, particularly tobacco smoke, which leads to
inflammation and damage to the airways and lung tissue.
4. The presence of __________ in the urine is a common
indicator of glomerulonephritis.
- ANS: protein
- Rationale: Proteinuria, or the presence of protein in the
urine, is a common indicator of glomerulonephritis, which is
inflammation of the glomeruli in the kidneys.
5. __________ is the term used to describe the abnormal
enlargement of the heart.
- ANS: Cardiomegaly
- Rationale: Cardiomegaly refers to the abnormal
enlargement of the heart, which can be caused by various
conditions such as hypertension or cardiomyopathy.
True/False Questions
6. True or False: A positive Trousseau's sign is indicative of
hypocalcemia.
- ANS: True
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