Exam (elaborations)
UNC Geol 101 Exam 2 With Correct Answers
- Course
- GEOL 180
- Institution
- California State University - Sacramento
UNC Geol 101 Exam 2 With Correct Answers
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Q&AUNC Geol 101 Exam 2 With Correct
Answers
What is the difference between a body and a surface wave? Explain the
difference in particle movement and speed between S and P waves and
Love and Rayleigh waves. - Answers Body waves: high frequency,
short period waves, move more quickly and dissipate quickly away from
epicenter.
Move within the body of the earth.
These are S waves and P waves
Surface waves: travel in upper 1.5 miles of crust, low frequency, longer
period waves, move more slowly and propagate longer distances from
epicenter.
Travel in the interfaces of surfaces with different properties.
These are Love waves and Rayleigh waves
Discuss how body waves travel through the Earth. How do P- and S-waves
differ in terms of the kinds of materials they propagate through? -
Answers P wave (pressure or primary waves): compression and
dilation of particles parallel to direction of travel.
Push waves, feel like a serious of jolts, shove in one direction. Travel
fastest; P waves are so short, people don't know what they're feeling
, Q&A
5 km/sec
S wave (shear or secondary waves): particle shear, up and down motion,
perpendicular to direction of travel.
Only travels through solids NOT liquids. Shaking
3 km/sec
Compare and contrast seismic wave reflection and refraction. In general,
how do seismic waves change in velocity and direction as they move to
deeper layers of the Earth? Why? - Answers Denser material makes
waves speed up, less dense slower. S-waves cannot travel through liquid.
What are S- and P-wave shadow zones? How did they each help
determine Earth's structure? - Answers P-waves refract as they go
through the outer core. S-waves cannot travel through liquid, so they
deflect off the outer core; both casting shadow zone on the opposite end of
the epicenter and the size depends on the refraction/deflection of waves
through the outer core.
Why do P-waves arrive sooner than calculated ~180 degrees from the
focus/epicenter? - Answers
Discuss how the geotherm/melting curve profile as well as the seismic
velocity versus depth profile indicate the physical state as well as the
temperatures and pressures of Earth's interior. - Answers
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