,essentials of Nursing Research Appraising Evidence for
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Nursing Practice 10th Edition Polit Test Bank
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CHAPTER 1 f
1. Which of the following groups would be best served by the development of a scientific
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base for nursing practice?
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A) Nursing administrators f
B) Practicing nurses f
C) Nurses' clients f
D) Health care policymakers f f
Ans: C f
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Nursing research is systematic inquiry designed to develop trustworthy evidence about
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issues of importance to nurses and their clients. Nurse leaders recognize the need to base
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specific nursing decisions on evidence indicating that the decisions are clinically
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appropriate, cost-effective, and result in positive client outcomes. Although all of the
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people listed would benefit from the development of a scientific base for nursing practice,
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ultimately it is the clients themselves who would most benefit, as they would then receive
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the most appropriate and most effective care.
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2. An especially important goal for the nursing profession is to do which of the following?
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A) Conduct research to better understand the context of nursing practice f f f f f f f f f
B) Establish a solid base of evidence for practice through disciplined research f f f f f f f f f f
C) Document the role nursing serves in society f f f f f f
D) Establish research priorities f f
Ans: B f
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Nurses are increasingly expected to understand and undertake research and to base their
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practice on evidence from research. Evidence-based practice is the use of the best
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evidence in making patient care decisions and typically comes from research conducted
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by nurses and other health-care professionals. All of the other answers are possible goals
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for the nursing profession, but none is as important as establishing evidence for practice.
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3. Which of the following is a fundamental belief of those who hold to the constructivist
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paradigm?
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A) A fixed reality exists in nature for humans to understand
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B) The nature of reality has changed over time f f f f f f f
C) Reality is multiply constructed and multiply interpreted by humans f f f f f f f f
D) Reality cannot be studied empirically f f f f
Ans: C f
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In the constructivist paradigm, it is assumed that reality is not a fixed entity but is rather a
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construction of human minds, and thus “truth” is a composite of multiple constructions
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, of reality. However, constructivists do believe that reality can be studied empirically.
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Belief in a fixed reality that exists in nature for humans to understand would be an
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example of a positivist belief, not a constructivist one. The constructivist belief does not
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hold so much that the nature of reality has changed over time as that it has always been
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constructed by human minds.
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