Exam (elaborations)
Chapter 10. Health Problem of Infants
- Course
- Pediatric nursing
- Institution
- Baylor College Of Medicine
Chapter 10. Health Problem of Infants
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Chapter 10. Health Problem of InfantsMULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Rickets is caused by a deficiency in what?
a. Vitamin A
b. Vitamin C
, c. Folic acid and iron
d. Vitamin D and calcium
ANS: D
Fat-soluble vitamin D and calcium are necessary in adequate amounts to prevent rickets. No
correlation exists between rickets and folic acid, iron, or vitamins A and C.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering REF: dl. 452
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Physiological Integrity
2. Which factors will decrease iron absorption and should not be given at thesame time as an
iron supplement?
a. Milk
b. Fruit juice
c. Multivitamin
d. Meat, fish,
poultry ANS: A
Many foods interfere with iron absorption and should be avoided when iron is consumed. These
foods include phosphates found in milk, phytates found in cereals, and oxalates found in many
vegetables. Vitamin Ccontaining juices enhance theabsorption of iron. Multivitamins may
contain iron; no contraindication exists to taking thetwo together. Meat, fish, and poultry do not
affect absorption.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding REF: dl. 454 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning
, MSC: Client Needs: Physiological Integrity
3. The nurse is helping parents achieve a more nutritionally adequate vegetarian diet for
their children. Which is most likely lacking in their particular diet?
a. Fat
b. Protein
c. Vitamins C and A
d. Iron and
calcium ANS: D
Deficiencies can occur when various substances in thediet interact with minerals. For example,
iron, zinc, and calcium can form insoluble complexes with phytates or oxalates (substances
found in plant proteins), which impair thebioavailability of themineral. This type of interaction
is important in vegetarian diets because plant foods such as soy are high in phytates. Fat and
vitamins C and A are readily available from vegetable sources. Plant proteins are available. DIF:
Cognitive Level: Applying REF: dl. 454
TOP: Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
MSC: Client Needs: Physiological Integrity
4. A 1-year-old child is on a pure vegetarian (vegan) diet. This diet requires supplementation
with what?
a. Niacin
b. Folic acid
c. Vitamins D and B12
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