Summary
Summary Topic 3 Mitosis and Meiosis
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Edexcel Biology Topic 3 Mitosis and Meiosis, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase, Gametes, Egg, Sperm.
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Mitosis4 stages
cytokinesis follows mitosis
S.I units 1. Interphase cell
chromatin >
-
(uncondensed chromosomes)
complex of DNA with histome proteins
2. Stage 1 -
prophase
to 4 centrioles - pairs
mitotic spindle starts
form >
-
↳ microtubules
+ move to the
poles of the cell
-
chromosomes start to condense
histomes
↳
supercoiling
- DNA wraps
tightly around
nucleolus is
gone
-
nuclear
envelope breaks down
-
(visible
chromosomes
fully condensed
-
-Asters small projections
are from spindle fibres towards
the membrane it in place
.
holding
3
. Stage 1 . (metaphase
-
chromosomes line up at metaphase plate (equator)
-
attach to spindle via centromere
4.
Stage .
3 (Anaphase
-microtubules pull sister chromatids towards poles and centromere
splits
5
. Stage 4 .
(Telophase
1 reversea
-
chromosomes start to condense
- nucleolus reappears
-
spirale fibres disappear
nuclear membranes reforms
-
-contractile/activ
ring pinches
the cell and creates a cleavage furrow
, .
0
Cytokinesis
cytoplasmic division
-
-
fluidity allows this
-
phospholipids can move in the
plane of
S.I units the membrane
-
Genetically identical
daughter cells (diploid)
G
3
4
Sets
3
of
DNA 2
↑
O
62
I
S I
G2 'P'MIAITIc
1
x
.
·
X
3
. ↳.
-
t
I
·
i
d .
" ↑
T ⑭
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