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Samenvatting - toelatingstoets aardrijkskunde
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Ik heb toen ik de toelatingstoets moest maken deze samenvatting gemaakt. Door deze te leren heb ik de toelatingstoets aardrijkskunde in een keer gehaald!
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,InhoudsopgaveHoofdstuk 2 – de aarde.................................................................................................................................. 6
De aarde in het zonnestelsel.................................................................................................................................6
Geografische coördinaten en tijdzones................................................................................................................6
De seizoenen: zomer, herfst, winter en lente.......................................................................................................6
De getijden: vloed en eb.......................................................................................................................................6
Endogene krachten...............................................................................................................................................7
Continentbewegingen.......................................................................................................................................7
Aardbevingen....................................................................................................................................................8
Vulkanen...........................................................................................................................................................8
Vulkanische verschijnselen...............................................................................................................................8
Horsten en slenken...........................................................................................................................................8
Exogene krachten.................................................................................................................................................9
Verwering..........................................................................................................................................................9
Erosie.................................................................................................................................................................9
De gesteentekringloop....................................................................................................................................10
Hoofdstuk 3 – weer, klimaat en landschappen op aarde...............................................................................10
Het weer..............................................................................................................................................................10
De temperatuur op waarde............................................................................................................................10
De neerslag op aarde......................................................................................................................................11
De windsystemen op aarde............................................................................................................................12
De weerkaart...................................................................................................................................................12
Klimaat en klimaatverandering..........................................................................................................................13
Afwisseling van koude tijden en warme tijden...............................................................................................13
Broeikaseffect.................................................................................................................................................13
Orkanen en tornado’s.....................................................................................................................................13
Verklaring van de ligging van de landschappen.................................................................................................14
Tropisch gebied...............................................................................................................................................14
Subtropisch tot poolgebieden........................................................................................................................14
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, Klimaat en kenmerken van de verschillend landschappen.................................................................................14
Landschappen met tropisch regenwoudklimaat............................................................................................14
Landschap met savanne- en steppeklimaat...................................................................................................14
Landschap met woestijnklimaat.....................................................................................................................15
Landschap met Middellandse Zeeklimaat......................................................................................................15
Landschappen met een zee- en landklimaat..................................................................................................15
Landschap met een toendraklimaat...............................................................................................................15
Landschap met een poolklimaat.....................................................................................................................15
Landschap met een hooggebergteklimaat.....................................................................................................16
Hoofdstuk 4 – Landschappen in Nederland................................................................................................... 17
Hoog-Nederland.................................................................................................................................................17
Heuvellandschap.............................................................................................................................................17
Zandlandschap................................................................................................................................................17
Voormalig hoogveenlandschap in Hoog-Nederland.......................................................................................17
Laag-Nederland..................................................................................................................................................18
Duinlandschap.................................................................................................................................................18
Laagveenlandschap.........................................................................................................................................18
Zeekleilandschap.............................................................................................................................................18
Rivierlandschap...............................................................................................................................................18
Hoofdstuk 5 – bevolking............................................................................................................................... 19
Bevolking in Nederland.......................................................................................................................................19
Dun- en dichtbevolkte gebieden.....................................................................................................................19
Groei van de bevolking...................................................................................................................................19
Demografisch transitiemodel.........................................................................................................................19
Leeftijdsdiagram..............................................................................................................................................20
Bevolking in Europa............................................................................................................................................20
Dun- en dichtbevolkte gebieden.....................................................................................................................20
Verschillen in welvaart....................................................................................................................................20
Bevolking in de wereld........................................................................................................................................20
3
, Dun- en dichtbevolkte gebieden.....................................................................................................................20
Verschillen in welvaart en bevolkingsgroei....................................................................................................21
Belangrijke migraties..........................................................................................................................................21
Belangrijke migraties in Nederland.................................................................................................................21
Belangrijke migraties in Europa......................................................................................................................22
Belangrijke migraties in de wereld.....................................................................................................................22
Cultuurgebieden en grenzen...............................................................................................................................23
Godsdienst en taalkenmerken van verschillende culturen............................................................................23
Grenzen...........................................................................................................................................................23
Hoofdstuk 6 – landbouw.............................................................................................................................. 23
Landbouwproductie............................................................................................................................................23
Akkerbouw......................................................................................................................................................23
Tuinbouw........................................................................................................................................................24
Veeteelt...........................................................................................................................................................24
Spreiding van de landbouw................................................................................................................................25
Verschillen in klimaat......................................................................................................................................25
Verschillen in welvaart....................................................................................................................................26
Concurrentie in de landbouw..............................................................................................................................26
Toenemende concurrentie.............................................................................................................................26
Concurrentie de baas......................................................................................................................................26
Natuur en milieu.................................................................................................................................................27
Hoofdstuk 7 – industrie................................................................................................................................ 28
Vestigingsfactoren..............................................................................................................................................28
Grondstoffen...................................................................................................................................................28
Arbeiders.........................................................................................................................................................28
Afzetmarkt......................................................................................................................................................28
Transport en infrastructuur............................................................................................................................28
Kapitaal en energie.........................................................................................................................................28
Belangrijke en veelvoorkomende fabrieken.......................................................................................................28
Olieraffinaderijen............................................................................................................................................28
4
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