Nsg 331 Marian University Chapter 22 Nursing
Management: Visual and Auditory Problems Questions
With Complete Solutions
A retinal detachment is Correct Answers a separation of the
sensory retina and the underlying pigment epithelium, with fluid
accumulation between the two layers.
can lead to blindness
AAC Glaucoma Correct Answers • Topical cholinergic agent
• Hyperosmotic agent
• Laser peripheral iridotomy
• Surgical iridectomy
AAC glaucoma Correct Answers oral or IV hyperosmotic
agents, including glycerin liquid (Ophthalgan), isosorbide
solution (Ismotic), and mannitol solution (Osmitrol), are usually
successful in immediately lowering the IOP. A laser peripheral
iridotomy or surgical iridectomy is necessary for long-term
treatment and prevention of subsequent episodes. These
procedures allow the aqueous humor to flow through a newly
created opening in the iris and into normal outflow channels.
One of these procedures may also be performed on the other eye
as a precaution- acute attack in other eye
acute angle-closure glaucoma Correct Answers definite
symptoms including sudden, excruciating pain in or around the
eye
,NV
halos
blurred vision
ocular redness
acute bacterial conjunctivitis (pinkeye) is common Correct
Answers children
S. aureus
discomfort, pruritus, redness, and mucopurulent drainage
spreads to other eye
self-limiting, antibiotic drops (besifloxacin)
acute intervention Correct Answers Provide emotional support
and direct care to the patient with recent visual impairment.
Involve family if possible.
Being sensitive to the patient's feelings without being overly
worried or smothering the patient's independence is vital in
creating a therapeutic nursing presence. Always communicate in
a normal conversational tone and manner with the patient, and
address the patient, not the caregiver.
introducing oneself and anyone else
age-related macular degeneration Correct Answers most
common cause of irreversible central vision loss in people over
age 60 in the US
allergic conjunctivits Correct Answers severe enough to cause
significant swelling, sometimes ballooning the conjunctiva
beyond the eyelids. The defining symptom of allergic
conjunctivitis is itching. The patient may also complain of
burning, redness, and tearing. In addition to pollens, the patient
,may develop allergic conjunctivitis in response to animal
dander, ocular solutions, and medications. Instruct the patient to
avoid the allergen if it is known. Artificial tears can be effective
in diluting the allergen and washing it from the eye. Effective
topical medications include antihistamines and corticosteroids.
altered or decreased tear formation can make wearing contact
lenses difficult: what causes this? Correct Answers Tear
production can be decreased by medications such as
antihistamines, decongestants, diuretics, and birth control pills,
as well as the hormones produced during pregnancy.
Environmental factors such as wind, fans, and dust may also
decrease the tear film.
ambulatory and home care Correct Answers rehab to foster
independence and self-esteem
appropriate refer all services
braille or audio books and guide dog- vision substitution
techniques
ambulatory and home care for cataracts Correct Answers few
hours
written and verbal incstructions- activity, medications, little
visual impairment after surgery- few days
some may take longer- safety
ancathamoeba keratitis Correct Answers parasite contact lens
wear
homeade saline solution
resistant
natamycin
, corneal transplant
aphakia Correct Answers bsence of the lens. Rarely, the lens
may be absent congenitally, or it may be removed during
cataract surgery. A lens that is traumatically injured is removed
and replaced with an intraocular lens (IOL) implant. The lens
accounts for approximately 30% of ocular refractive power. The
absence of the lens results in a significant refractive error.
Without the focusing ability of the lens, images are projected
behind the retina. (Lewis 387)
astigmatism Correct Answers is caused by an irregular corneal
curvature. This irregularity causes the incoming light rays to be
bent unequally. Consequently, the light rays do not come to a
single point of focus on the retina. Astigmatism can occur in
conjunction with any of the other refractive errors.
bacterial injections Correct Answers The cornea can become
infected by a variety of bacteria. Topical antibiotics are
generally effective, but eradicating the infection may require
subconjunctival antibiotic injection or, in severe cases, IV
antibiotics. Risk factors include mechanical or chemical corneal
epithelial damage, contact lens wear, nutritional deficiencies,
immunosuppressed states, and contaminated products (e.g., lens
care solutions and cases, topical medications, cosmetics).
betaxolol Correct Answers Contraindicated in patient with
bradycardia, cardiogenic shock, or overt cardiac failure.
Systemic absorption can have additive effect with systemic β1-
blocking agents.
