1. Which of the following is the first step in the evidence-based
practice process?
- A. Appraising the evidence
- B. Formulating a clinical question
- C. Implementing the evidence
- D. Evaluating the outcomes
- ANS: B. Formulating a clinical question
- Rationale: The first step in the evidence-based practice
process is to formulate a clear and ANSable clinical question.
,2. What type of study design is considered the gold standard for
determining the effectiveness of an intervention?
- A. Cohort study
- B. Case-control study
- C. Randomized controlled trial
- D. Cross-sectional study
- ANS: C. Randomized controlled trial
- Rationale: Randomized controlled trials are considered the
gold standard for determining the effectiveness of an intervention
due to their ability to minimize bias.
3. Which of the following databases is most commonly used for
finding nursing and allied health literature?
- A. PubMed
- B. CINAHL
- C. Cochrane Library
- D. PsycINFO
- ANS: B. CINAHL
- Rationale: CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and
Allied Health Literature) is a comprehensive database for nursing
and allied health literature.
,4. What does the acronym PICO stand for in evidence-based
practice?
- A. Patient, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome
- B. Population, Intervention, Control, Outcome
- C. Patient, Intervention, Control, Outcome
- D. Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome
- ANS: D. Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome
- Rationale: PICO stands for Population, Intervention,
Comparison, and Outcome, and is used to formulate clinical
questions.
5. Which of the following is a qualitative research method?
- A. Randomized controlled trial
- B. Meta-analysis
- C. Grounded theory
- D. Cohort study
- ANS: C. Grounded theory
- Rationale: Grounded theory is a qualitative research method
used to develop theories based on data collected from participants.
, 6. The process of systematically reviewing, appraising, and
using clinical research findings to aid the delivery of optimum
clinical care to patients is known as __________.
- ANS: Evidence-based practice
- Rationale: Evidence-based practice involves using clinical
research findings to improve patient care.
7. A __________ is a summary of the best available evidence on
a specific clinical question.
- ANS: Systematic review
- Rationale: A systematic review summarizes the best
available evidence on a specific clinical question.
8. The __________ is a measure of the strength of the
relationship between two variables.
- ANS: Correlation coefficient
- Rationale: The correlation coefficient quantifies the strength
and direction of the relationship between two variables.
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