Summary
Samenvatting - ZeZi: synapsen
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gestructureerde samenvatting van de verschillende neutrotransmitters met synaps: nuclei, functie, receptoren en bijhorende pathologie
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1. Cholinerge (les 1)-> Ach (acetylCoA + choline)
Afbraak via acetylcholinesterase
Nuclei functie
Cholinerge neuronen - Arousal: reticulair activerend systeem = wakker
-> thv tegmentaire nuclei worden
Nucleus basalis van Meynert - Aandacht aanscherpen
-> thv basale voorhersenen (RAS) - Perceptie: signaal-ruis verhouding verbetert
- Geheugen
- Cognitie
- REM slaap
Receptoren Pathologie
Nicotine (ionotroop) Alzheimer
muscarine (metabotroop)
2. Noradrenerge (les 2)
-> noradrenaline
Nuclei Functie
Ventraal - Arousal/aandacht, waakzaamheid bij onverwachte
Dorsale motor nucleus nervi prikkels en stress (wakker worden via Ach: -> ook
vagi DMNV noradrenerg systeem activatie)
Nucleus tractus solitarius NTS - Stemming en gemoedstoestand (ook dopamine en
Dorsaal serotonine) – depressie
Locus coeruleus - Modulatie van Pijn
> pontiene FR (thv pons) - (regulatie hormonen)
Receptoren Pathologie
1 receptor /
2 receptor
1 receptor
2 receptor
-> Modulerende effecten op
elektrische prikkelbaarheid
, 3. Dopaminerge (les 2)
Nuclei Functie
Nigrostriatale baan Reward systeem (-> verslavingsgedrag)
Mesolimbische baan Executieve functie:
Mesocorticale baan - planning en beslissingen ivm toekomstige acties
VTA (ventrale tegmentale area) - Bijsturen van gedrag ifv ervaring, foutcorrectie
NA (nucleus accumbens baan) - Onderdrukken van habituele responsen /
= VTA-NA baan weerstaan aan verleiding
Receptoren Pathologie
D1 receptoren Schizofrenie neg; hypoactivatie mesocorticale baan
D2 receptoren Pos; hyperactivatie mesolibische baan)
In het striatum Verslavingsgedrag
Novelty seeking
Impulse control disease (kleptomanie, pyromanie)
- Executieve functie gedaald
ADHD (hypoactiviteit dopaminerge NT)
Parkingson! (hypoactivatie nigrostriatale baan)
4. Serotonerge (les 3)
-> 5-HT, hydroxytryptofaan
Nuclei Functie
raphe nuclei Modulatorische effecten
- Rostraal (pontiene formatio reticularis) Hallucinaties en psychose
- caudale groep Geheugen en leerprocessen
Inhibitie REMslaap, waaksignalen
Receptoren pathologie
5-HT1a: angst, depressie Link met depressie, autisme, adhd,
5-HT1b: impulsiviteit/agressie bij alc eetstoornissen, alcoholisme, angst,
5-HT1b,d,f: migraine antisociaal gedrag, agressie
5-HT2a, 2c: psychose en hallucinaties (5HT transporter en MAOA)
5-HT2c: voedingsinname en geheugen
5-HT3 : braken (ondansetron)
5-HT6 en 7: gemoed en stemming
1a, 4 en 6: geheugen en leerprocessen
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