Uitgebreide samenvatting van alle hoofdstukken van Liesbeth ferdinande
Deel I: pathologie van de cel
Deel II: inflammatie en immunopathie
Deel III: repair en regeneratie
Deel IV: hemodynamische stoornissen
Deel V: metabole ziekten
Lesgever: Liesbeth Ferdinande
Amyloidose: heterogene groep van ziektes met misfolding van eiw waardoor EC
depositie van onopl, toxische fibrillaire eiw in b-sheet configuratie
> congoroodkleuring + onder polarisatie
- lokaal: amyloid deposities waar de precursoreiw worden gemaakt vb alzheimer
- systemisch: amyloid deposities in versch orgaansystemen = brede DD
> 20 versch precursor eiw die amyloid depositie veroorzaken
- abno eiw gecodeerd door gemuteerd DNA
- no eiw van nature abno gevouwen
Vb
AL amyloidose > lichte keten Igs uit monoclonale plasmacellen
AA amyloidose = secundair > serum amyloid A bij chronische inflam
Familiale amyloidose > autosomaal dominant, mutant eiw
, **Calcificaties (path) = abno depositie van Cazouten + Fe + Mg + andere minerale zouten
- Dystrofische calcificaties: in niet-viabel weefsel met no Ca spiegels
vb hartkleppen, plaques van aderverkalking
- Metastatische calcificaties: in viabel weefsel met hyperCa
CELSCHADE EN CELDOOD
1. Oorzaken en mechanisme
**hypoxie: ischemie, bloedverlies, minder transport, onvoldoende oxygenatie bloed
**fysische agentia: trauma, T, druk, bestraling, elektrische shock
**chemische agentia: glucose, zout, gif, industrieel, recreatief, therapeutisch
**ïnfectieus
**immunologisch: Aiziekte, immuunreactie tegen MO of exogene subst
**genetisch: eiw def, versch gevoeligheid voor bep chemische stoffen en invloeden
**nutritioneel onevenwicht: vit def, onder of overnutritie
Reversibele celschade > zwelling vd cel, fatty change
Irreversibele celschade > apoptose, necrose
Necrose Apoptose
Cel zwelt Cel krimpt
Pyknosis -> karyorrhexis -> karyolysis Fragmentatie in nucleosoomfragmenten
Plasmamembraan doorbroken Plasmamembraan intact
Lysosomale enzymen -> alles EC Fagocytose van apoptotische lichaampjes
Pathologisch, vaak bij inflam Fysiologisch na cel/DNA schade
2. Apoptose mechanisme
Activatie van caspasen > DNA en eiw afbraak
Verandering thv celmembraan -> herkent door fagocyten
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