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hoofdstukken Recht voor niet juristen samenvatting
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Een samenvatting van alle hoofdstukken van Recht voor niet juristen voor het van Ethiek en Recht aan de Rijksuniversiteit van Groningen
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Table of ContentsEthiek...............................................................................................................................10
Ethiek H1: Introducing Business ethics........................................................................................10
Definiëren van moraliteit, ethiek en etische theorie...................................................................10
Waarom is bedrijfsethiek belangrijk?.........................................................................................10
Bedrijfsethiek in verschillende organisatorische contexten........................................................11
Bedrijfsethiek in grote vs kleine bedrijven...................................................................................................11
Bedrijfsethiek in privé, publieke en civiele organisaties. BLZ 18..................................................................11
Recht................................................................................................................................11
H1 Grondslagen en structuur van het Nederlandse recht............................................................11
1.2 recht en belangenafweging...................................................................................................11
1.3 Rechtstaat.............................................................................................................................12
1.3.1 grondrechten.....................................................................................................................12
1.3.2 Legaliteitseis......................................................................................................................12
1.3.3 Trias politica.......................................................................................................................12
1.3.4 Gebondenheid aan de wet.................................................................................................12
1.3.5 Onafhankelijke rechtsspraak..............................................................................................12
1.3.6 Vervolging en bestraffing van wetsovertredingen..............................................................12
1.3.7 Rechtszekerheid.................................................................................................................13
1.4 Rechtsbegrip en rechtsbronnen............................................................................................13
1.4.1 Positief recht......................................................................................................................13
1.4.2 Bronnen van het positieve recht........................................................................................13
1.5 Rechtsvinding........................................................................................................................14
1.5.1 Subsumptie........................................................................................................................14
1.5.2 Voorrangsregels.................................................................................................................14
1.5.3 Interpretatiemethoden......................................................................................................14
1.5.4 redeneerwijzen..................................................................................................................15
1.6 Juridische begrippen.............................................................................................................15
1.6.1 Rechtsfeiten en rechtsgevolgen..........................................................................................15
1.6.2 Blote rechtsfeiten en handelingen met rechtsgevolg..........................................................16
1.6.3 Feitelijke handelingen met rechtsgevolg en rechtshandelingen.........................................16
1.6.4 Publiekrechtelijke en privaatrechtelijke rechtshandelingen...............................................16
1.6.5 Rechtssubjecten: natuurlijke personen en rechtspersonen................................................16
1.6.6 Publiekrechtelijke en privaatrechtelijke rechtspersonen....................................................16
1.7 Hoofdindelingen van het recht..............................................................................................16
, 1.7.1 Nationaal en internationaal recht......................................................................................16
1.7.2 Materieel en formele recht................................................................................................16
1.7.3 Publiekrecht en privaatrecht..............................................................................................17
1.7.4 Rechtsgebieden..................................................................................................................17
H2 Het gebruik van digitale rechtsbronnen.......................................................................17
2.1 Het gebruik van digitale rechtsbronnen................................................................................17
2.2 het gebruik van de wettenbundel.........................................................................................17
2.3 Informatie van en over de overheid......................................................................................17
2..4 Nationale wet- en regelgeving.............................................................................................18
2.4.1 Eenvoudig zoeken..............................................................................................................18
2.4.2 Uitgebreid zoeken..............................................................................................................18
2.5 Lokale wet- en regelgeving....................................................................................................18
2.5.1 Zoeken met postcodecijfers...............................................................................................18
2.5.2 Zoeken met postadres........................................................................................................19
2.6 officiële bekendmakingen.....................................................................................................19
2.6.1 Staatsblad..........................................................................................................................19
2.6.2 Staatscourant.....................................................................................................................19
2.7 Wetsvoorstellen....................................................................................................................19
2.8 Internetconsultatie...............................................................................................................19
2.9 Rechtspraak..........................................................................................................................19
2.9.1 Digitalisering......................................................................................................................20
2.9.2 Publicatie rechterlijke uitspraken.......................................................................................20
Deel 1 Publieksrecht H3 Staatsrecht.................................................................................20
3.1 Inleiding................................................................................................................................20
3.2 Organisatie van de staat en hoofdrolspelers.........................................................................20
3.2.1 De Staten-Generaal............................................................................................................20
3.2.2 Regering en individuele ministers......................................................................................21
3.2.3 Ministeriële verantwoordelijkheid en parlementaire controle...........................................21
3.3 Wetgeving.............................................................................................................................21
3.3.1 Normenhiërarchie..............................................................................................................22
3.3.2 Soorten wettelijke regelingen............................................................................................22
3.4 Rechtspraak..........................................................................................................................23
3.5 Grondrechten........................................................................................................................23
3.6 Decentralisatie......................................................................................................................24
3.6.1 Organen van de provincie..................................................................................................24
3.6.2 Organen van de gemeente.................................................................................................24
, 3.6.3 Bevoegdheden van het provinciebestuur...........................................................................24
3.6.4 Bevoegdheden van het gemeentebestuur..........................................................................25
3.6.5 Verhouding tot centrale overheid......................................................................................25
H15 Europees recht..........................................................................................................25
15.1 inleiding..............................................................................................................................25
15.2 Verdragen en internationale organisaties............................................................................25
15.3 Europese unie.....................................................................................................................25
Periode 1952-1993......................................................................................................................26
15.3.2 Periode 1993-2009...........................................................................................................26
1.5.3.3 Periode vanaf December 2009........................................................................................26
15.4. Zeven instellingen..............................................................................................................27
15.4.1 Europees Parlement.........................................................................................................27
15.4.2 Europese raad..................................................................................................................27
15.4.3 Raad (van Ministers)........................................................................................................27
15.4.4 Europese commissie.........................................................................................................28
15.4.5 Hof van Justitie van de Europese Unie.............................................................................28
15.4.6 Europese Centrale bank en Europese Rekenmaker...........................................................28
15.4.7 Taakverdeling instellingen Europese Unie........................................................................29
15.5 Recht van de Europese Unie................................................................................................29
15.5.1 Primair versus secundair recht.........................................................................................29
15.5.2 Institutioneel versus materieel recht................................................................................29
15.5.3 Doel van de Europese unie...............................................................................................29
15.5.4 Vierde bestuurslaag.........................................................................................................30
15.5.5 Soorten regelgeving.........................................................................................................30
15.5.6 Publicatie van regelingen.................................................................................................30
15.6 Economische en Monetaire Unie.........................................................................................30
15.6.1 Begrotingsregels voor lidstaten........................................................................................31
15.6.2 Buitensporige overheidstekorten.....................................................................................31
15.6.3 Steunfondsen en noodfondsen........................................................................................31
15.6.4 Noodzaak tot verdere economische en monetaire integratie...........................................31
15.7 Eigen rechtsorde.................................................................................................................32
15.7.1 Zes elementen eigen rechtsorde......................................................................................32
15.7.2 Respect voor mensenrechten en grondrechten................................................................32
15.7.3 Rechtstreekse werken van het Europees recht.................................................................32
15.7.4 Voorrang van het Unierecht.............................................................................................33
15.7.5 Toepassing van het Europese recht door nationale rechter..............................................33
, 15.8 vier vrijheden......................................................................................................................33
15.9 Subsidiariteitsbeginsel........................................................................................................33
15.9.1 Wijze van bevoegdheidsuitoefening.................................................................................33
15.9.2 Optimaal besluitvormingsniveau.....................................................................................34
15.9.3 Oorsprong van subsidiariteitsbeginsel.............................................................................34
15.9.4 Versterking positie van nationale parlementen................................................................34
15.9.5 Toenemende macht van de Europese Unie......................................................................34
15.9.6 Toepassing van subsidiariteitsbeginsel voor uiteenlopende doelen.................................34
15.9.7 Gevolgen in de praktijk....................................................................................................34
15.9.8 Rol van de rechterlijke macht en de nationale parlementen............................................34
15.9.9 Wantrouwen van burgers ten opzichte van Brussel..........................................................35
15.10 Slot....................................................................................................................................35
H16 Internationaal recht..................................................................................................35
16.1 Inleiding..............................................................................................................................35
16.2 Statelijke rechtsmacht en immuniteit van rechtsmacht.......................................................35
16.2.1 Statelijke rechtsmacht......................................................................................................35
16.2.2 Immuniteit van rechtsmacht............................................................................................36
16.3 Bronnen van internationaal recht.......................................................................................37
16.3.1 Internationaal gewoonterecht..........................................................................................37
16.3.2 Verdragen........................................................................................................................37
16.4 Verdragenrecht...................................................................................................................37
16.4.1 Rechtsmomenten bij totstandkoming van verdragen.......................................................37
16.4.2 Rechtskracht van verdragen in Nederland........................................................................37
16.4.3 Interpretatie, geldigheid en opzegging van verdragen......................................................37
16.4.4 Relevantie van nationale rechtsregels voor totstandkoming en uitvoering van verdragen
...................................................................................................................................................38
16.5 Internationale aansprakelijkheid.........................................................................................38
16.5.1 Rechtsschending toerekenbaar aar aan de staat?............................................................38
16.5.2 Schending ‘zorgplicht’ van de staat..................................................................................38
16.5.3 Diplomatieke bescherming...............................................................................................38
16.6 Internationaal recht in de Nederlandse rechtsorde.............................................................38
16.6.1 Eenieder verbindende verdragsbepalingen gaan boven de nationale wetgeving..............39
16.6.2 Internationaal gewoonterecht gaat niet boven nationale wetgeving...............................39
16.7 Internationale organisaties.................................................................................................39
16.7.1 Institutionele structuur en zelfstandigheid ten opzichte van lidstaten.............................39
16.7.2 Lidmaatschappen.............................................................................................................39
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