NURS 6501 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY MIDTERM
EXAM WALDEN UNIVERSITY LATEST 2025 WITH
ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT VERIFIED
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A runner has depleted all the oxygen available for muscle energy. Which of the
following will facilitate his continued muscle performance? - CORRECT
ANSWER-Answer: Anaerobic glycolysis
What causes the rapid change in the resting membrane potential that initiates
an action potential? - CORRECT ANSWER-Answer: Sodium gates open, and
sodium rushes into the cell, changing the membrane potential from negative to
positive.
A 12-year-old male is diagnosed with Klinefelter syndrome. His karyotype
would reveal which of the following? - CORRECT ANSWER-Answer: XXY
A nurse is reviewing the pedigree chart. When checking for a proband, what is
the nurse looking for? - CORRECT ANSWER-Answer: The person who is first
diagnosed with a genetic disease
An aide asks the nurse why people who have neurofibromatosis will show
varying degrees of the disease. Which genetic principle should the nurse
explain to the aide? - CORRECT ANSWER-Answer: Expressivity
,In teaching a patient with cirrhosis, which information should the nurse include
regarding cholesterol? - CORRECT ANSWER-Answer: Cholesterol decreases
the membrane fluidity of the erythrocyte, which reduces its ability to carry
oxygen.
When a patient asks what causes cystic fibrosis, how should the nurse
respond? Cystic fibrosis is caused by an _____ gene - CORRECT ANSWER-
Answer: Autosomal recessive
How are potassium and sodium transported across plasma membranes? -
CORRECT ANSWER-Answer: By adenosine triphosphate enzyme (ATPase)
The nurse would be correct in identifying the predominant extracellular cation
as: - CORRECT ANSWER-Answer: Sodium
The early dilation (swelling) of the cell's endoplasmic reticulum results in: -
CORRECT ANSWER-Answer: Reduced protein synthesis
What principle should the nurse remember when trying to distinguish aging
from diseases? - CORRECT ANSWER-Answer: It is difficult to tell the
difference because both processes are believed to result from cell injury.
What is the diagnosis of a 13-year-old female who has a karyotype that reveals
an absent homologous X chromosome with only a single X chromosome
present? Her features include a short stature, widely spaced nipples, reduced
carrying angle at the elbow, and sparse body hair. - CORRECT ANSWER-
Answer: Turner syndrome
, A eukaryotic cell is undergoing DNA replication. In which region of the cell
would most of the genetic information be contained? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Answer: Nucleolus
The nurse is teaching staff about the most common cause of Down syndrome.
What is the nurse describing? - CORRECT ANSWER-Answer: Maternal
nondisjunction
A 50-year-old male was recently diagnosed with Huntington disease.
Transmission of this disease is associated with: - CORRECT ANSWER-Answer:
Delayed age of onset
A patient wants to know the risk factors for Down syndrome. What is the
nurse's best response? - CORRECT ANSWER-Answer: Pregnancy in women
over age 35
What is the role of cytokines in cell reproduction? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Answer: Provide growth factor for tissue growth and development
A newborn male is diagnosed with albinism based on skin, eye, and hair
appearance. Which finding will support this diagnosis? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Answer: Inability to convert tyrosine to DOPA (3,4 dihydroxyphenylalanine)
Sodium and water accumulation in an injured cell are a direct result of: -
CORRECT ANSWER-Answer: Decreased ATP production
A nurse is reading a chart and sees the term oncotic pressure. The nurse recalls
that oncotic pressure (colloid osmotic pressure) is determined by: - CORRECT
ANSWER-Answer: Plasma proteins
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