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Final Exam: NR507/ NR 507 (NEW 2024/ 2025 Update) Advanced Pathophysiology Review| Questions and Verified Answers| 100% Correct |Grade A – Chamberlain $11.99
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Final Exam: NR507/ NR 507 (NEW 2024/ 2025 Update) Advanced Pathophysiology Review| Questions and Verified Answers| 100% Correct |Grade A – Chamberlain

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Final Exam: NR507/ NR 507 (NEW 2024/ 2025 Update) Advanced Pathophysiology Review| Questions and Verified Answers| 100% Correct |Grade A – Chamberlain

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  • January 28, 2025
  • 60
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • nr507 nr 507 a
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Finall Exam:l NR507/l NRl 507l (NEWl
2024/l 2025l Update)l Advancedl
Pathophysiologyl Review|l Questionsl andl
Verifiedl Answers|l 100%l Correctl |Gradel
Al –l Chamberlain

QUESTION
l Labsl forl renall calculi
Answer:
l Evaluatel renall functionl (GFR)l Identifyl anyl metabolicl abnormalities



QUESTION
l Conservativel treatmentl forl renall calculi
Answer:
l Forl stonesl thatl arel lessl thanl 5l mm,l thatl arel asymptomatic,l orl causingl onlyl mildl
symptoms
Controll pain,l hydration,l observel forl spontaneousl passagel ofl thel stone



QUESTION
l Medicall managementl ofl renall calculi
Answer:
l Thiazidel diureticsl forl calciuml stones
Allopurinoll forl uricl acidl stones
Stonel removall forl stonesl largerl thanl 5l mml orl stones,l causingl severel symptomsl -l
lithotripsy



QUESTION

,l Goalsl ofl treatmentl forl renall calculi
Answer:
l Managel acutel pain
Promotel passagel ofl thel stone
Reducel thel sizel ofl thel stonel alreadyl formed
Preventl newl stonel formation



QUESTION
l chronicl kidneyl disease
Answer:
l Thel progressivel lossl ofl renall functionl associatedl withl systemicl diseases,l suchl asl
hypertension,l diabetes,l mellitusl (mostl significantl riskl factor),l systemic,l lupus,l
erythematosus,l orl intrinsicl kidneyl disease



QUESTION
l Stagel 1l CKD
Answer:
l GFRl 90-120
Therel isl damagel tol kidneyl withl normall orl increasedl GFR



QUESTION
l Stagel 2l CKD
Answer:
l GFRl 60-89
Therel isl kidneyl damagel withl mildl decreasel inl GFR



QUESTION
l Stagel 3l CKD

,Answer:
l GFRl 30-59
Therel isl moderatel decreasel inl GFR
*l Thisl isl al significantl phase!l GFRl belowl 60-l stilll al chancel tol improvel functionl andl
avoidl dialysis.
l



QUESTION
l Stagel 4l CKD
Answer:
l GFRl 15-29
Therel isl severel reductionl inl GFRl .
Oncel thisl stagel isl reached,l progressionl tol thel nextl stagel isl inevitable,l asl welll asl
dialysisl orl kidneyl transplantl beingl necessaryl .



QUESTION
l Stagel 5l CKD
Answer:
l GFRl <15
Needsl dialysisl orl kidneyl transplant



QUESTION
l Dialysisl andl sol determiningl whol isl thel candidatel forl dialysis
Answer:
l Basedl onl symptoms,l kidneyl function,l overalll healthl status,l individuall circumstances



QUESTION
l Sixl reasonsl forl dialysis
Answer:
l 1.Metabolicl acidosis.l (Lowl pH)

, 2.Hyperkalemia,l withl EKGl changesl -l peakedl Tl waves.
3.Drugl toxicityl (salicylates,l lithium,l isopropanolol,l methanol,l Ethelinel glycol).
4.Fluidl overloadl (notl respondingl tol diuretics)/l HTN/l pulmonaryl edema
5.Uremicl symptomsl -l duel tol nitrogenousl wastel inl bloodstream.
6.Progressivel lossl ofl kidneyl function.



QUESTION
l Numberl onel causel ofl ESRD
Answer:
l DMl +l HTNl combined



QUESTION
l Whyl anemial occursl inl ESRD
Answer:
l Reducel productionl ofl erythropoietin,l whichl isl responsiblel forl triggeringl thel productionl
ofl RBCs,l ratherl thanl thel lackl ofl ironl orl al reductionl inl thel RBCs



QUESTION
l Symptomsl ofl CKD
Answer:
l •Hypocalcemial andl hyperphosphatemia
•Anemia
•l hyperkalemial Withl abnormall EKGl findingsl andl elevatedl Tl waves
•l Excessl hydrogenl ions,l causingl metabolicl acidosis
•l Uremia,l whichl canl causel pericarditis,l encephalitis,l bleeding,l andl increasedl riskl ofl
infectionsl (thel secondl mostl commonl causel ofl deathl forl endl stagel renall diseasel patients)
•l Fluidl volumel overload-diureticsl canl bel usedl tol stimulatel renall functionl forl patientsl inl
stagel 1l tol 3.Ifl diureticl therapyl fails,l orl ifl inl stagel fourl orl fivel andl dialysisl isl
indicated.



QUESTION

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