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Sociology Exam 3 Questions and Answers Latest Update 2025 Already Passed

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Sociology Exam 3 Questions and Answers Latest Update 2025 Already Passed In contemporary societies, the primary mechanism of external social control is __________. - Answers criminal justice system Organized crime thrives primarily because_________ - Answers there is a great demand for illegal g...

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  • January 28, 2025
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  • 2024/2025
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Sociology Exam 3 Questions and Answers Latest Update 2025 Already Passed

In contemporary societies, the primary mechanism of external social control is __________. - Answers
criminal justice system

Organized crime thrives primarily because_________ - Answers there is a great demand for illegal goods
and services

Applying Merton's strain theory, skid-row alcoholics and drug addicts illustrate the concept of _____ -
Answers retreatism

Drug use and addiction is prevalent within gangs that are unable to gain success through legitimate
means and are unwilling to do so through illegal ones. - Answers retreatism

__________ is punishment that a person receives for infringing on the rights of others. It imposes a
penalty on the offender and is based on the premise that the punishment should fit the crime. - Answers
retribution

Sutherland's __________ theory states that people have a greater tendency to deviate from societal
norms when they frequently interact with individuals who are more favorable toward deviance than
conformity. - Answers differential association

The term __________ refers to illegal or unethical acts involving the use of power by government
officials, or illegal/unethical acts perpetrated against the government in efforts to usurp power. -
Answers political crime

Merton described how people adapt to cultural goals and the approved ways of achieving them through
___________ - Answers innovation

Criminologist Ronald Akers created the __________ theory, which combines differential association
theory with elements of psychological learning theory, suggesting that both deviant behavior and
conventional behavior are learned through the same social processes. - Answers differential
reinforcements

__________ argue that the lifestyles considered deviant by political and economic elites are most likely
to be defined as illegal. - Answers conflict theorists

Which of these statements is not part of Durkheim's perspective on deviance? - Answers deviance is
only common in contemporary societies

__________ is a serious crime for which punishment typically ranges from more than a year's
imprisonment to death. - Answers felony

The sociological term for the systematic practices that social groups develop in order to encourage
conformity to norms, rules, and laws and to discourage deviance is __________. - Answers social control

, __________ crime is a business operation that supplies illegal goods and services for profit. - Answers
organized

Although there is no single feminist perspective on deviance and crime, three schools of thought have
emerged, including the___________________________. - Answers liberal feminist approach

The text argues that __________ are better able to address the problem of juvenile offenders than are
military-style boot camps. - Answers structural solutions

__________ refers to the use of personal judgment by police officers, prosecutors, judges, and other
criminal justice system officials regarding whether and how to proceed in a given situation. - Answers
discretion

Based on the symbolic interactionist theory of sociologists Charles H. Cooley and George H. Mead, the
__________ theory states that deviance is a socially constructed process in which social control agencies
designate certain people as deviants, and they, in turn, come to accept the marker placed upon them
and begin to act accordingly. - Answers labeling

A socioeconomically disadvantaged teenager decides that she must resort to crime in order to buy some
clothes she wants. This teenager's behavior is an example of __________. - Answers innovation

Sometimes people give up on societal goals but still adhere to the socially approved means for achieving
them; Merton termed this __________ - Answers ritualism

Of all factors associated with crime, the age of the offender is one of the most significant. Arrest rates
for violent crime and property crime are highest for people between the ages of __________. - Answers
13 and 25

In 1972, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled (in Furman v. Georgia) that the death penalty _________ -
Answers legal if imposed fairly and equally

A young woman graduates from high school with honors and attends a prestigious university, where she
completes her degree; she gets a good job; she marries and starts planning for the future. This woman's
behavior is an example of __________. - Answers conformity

Which of the following crimes is not legally considered a felony? - Answers driving under the influence

During the mid-1970s, advocates of __________ theory predicted that women's crime rates would
increase significantly as a result of the women's liberation movement. - Answers emancipation

Hirschi's social bonding theory emphasizes__________________________ - Answers attachment to
other people

The sociological term for a spoiled or devalued social identity is __________. - Answers Stigma

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