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Database Types: Overview and Comparison

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This document provides an overview of different types of databases, including relational, NoSQL, cloud, and distributed databases. It compares their structures, features, and common use cases to help understand which type is best suited for various data management needs. The guide also highlights t...

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  • January 29, 2025
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Database Types
1. Relational Databases
Introduction

A Relational Database is a type of database that stores data in tables, with rows
and columns. Each row represents a record, and each column represents a field.
The relational model uses Structured Query Language (SQL) for data
manipulation.

Key Features

 Tables with rows and columns
 Use of primary and foreign keys to establish relationships
 SQL for querying and data manipulation
 Data stored in a structured format
 Supports complex queries, joins, and aggregations

Popular Examples

 MySQL, PostgreSQL, Microsoft SQL Server, Oracle Database

Use Cases

 Customer databases
 Financial systems
 Inventory management



2. NoSQL Databases
Introduction

NoSQL Databases are designed for applications that require high availability,
scalability, and flexibility in terms of data storage. Unlike relational databases,

, NoSQL databases do not use structured tables and are designed to handle large
volumes of unstructured or semi-structured data.

Key Features

 Non-relational data models (key-value, document, column, graph)
 High scalability and flexibility
 Suitable for big data applications
 No fixed schema or structure
 Supports horizontal scaling (distributed architecture)

Popular Examples

 MongoDB (Document Store)
 Cassandra (Column Store)
 Redis (Key-Value Store)
 Neo4j (Graph Database)
 CouchDB (Document Store)

Use Cases

 Social media applications
 Big data and analytics
 Real-time applications
 Content management systems



3. Object-Oriented Databases
Introduction

Object-Oriented Databases (OODBs) integrate object-oriented programming
(OOP) principles into database systems. In an OODB, data is stored as objects,
much like how data is represented in object-oriented programming languages.

Key Features

 Stores data as objects

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