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Summary Mammal

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A summary of the chapter on mammals, perfect for preparing for exams

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  • Mammals
  • May 20, 2020
  • 3
  • 2019/2020
  • Summary

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By: nitacarstens26 • 3 year ago

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MAMMALS:
Mammalia is one of the 2 clades of living amniotes. They are synapsid.




Characteristics of Mammalia:
 Fleshy external ears
 Endothermic
 Body mostly covered with hair
 Sweat, scent and sebaceous glands
 Skin underlain by a thick layer of fat
 Skull with 2 occipital condyles. Lower jaw is a single enlarged bone (dentary).
Jaw joint between squamosal and dentary bones. Seven cervical vertebrae.
Fused pelvic bones
 Mouth with diphyodont teeth. Teeth heterodont in most.
 Brain highly developed, especially cerebral cortex. 12 pairs of cranial nerves
 Olfactory sense highly developed
 Middle ear with 3 bones
 Separate sexes. Internal fertilisation. Copulatory organ. Sex determined by
chromosomes
 Foetal membranes of amnion, chorion and allantois. Mostly viviparous, some oviparous. Young nourished by
milk from mammary glands
 Excretory system of kidneys and ureters that open into a bladder. Urea main nitrogenous waste
 Lungs with high surface area from alveoli and ventilated by aspiration. Larynx present. Secondary palate
separates air and food passages. Muscular diaphragm ventilates lungs. Convoluted turbinate bones in the nasal
cavity warm and moisten air
 Heart with 2 atria and 2 ventricles. Separate pulmonary and systemic circuits. Nonnucleated biconcave RBCs

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