ELO1 STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS
How is GIST used as a literacy support? - Answers- Generating interactions between
schemata and texts. It is a summarization procedure to aid in comprehension of
extended text. Students go through a process of reading short segments of a text,
underlining the most important words or concepts, and placing these on board. Students
than use as many of these keywords as possible to create a summary. Students repeat
the process until the whole Text has been read, understood and summarized.
How is directed reading thinking activity (DRTA) used for literacy support? - Answers- It
is a strategy used to encourage strategic thinking while reading or listening to a
narrative. Preferably rich materials without immediately clear endings. The teacher uses
various questions to assist students and making predictions throughout the
text/narrative. Students also revisit their predictions to see if their ideas were correct or
not. The strategy helps learners focus thinking on plot, character development, motive,
etc.
How are think alouds used for literacy support? - Answers- Teachers can use the
strategy to model cognitive processes to students by thinking aloud as they read a text,
thus showing students what to look for or how to approach a text. Students can use a
strategy to express, to peers or teachers, the process they use while reading a text.
How are graphic organizers used for literacy support? - Answers- It is a comprehension
strategy to help students understand how discourse and information is organized
through graphic representation.
How are mnemonics used for literacy support? - Answers- It is a system that involves
visualization or the use of acronyms. This strategy can help students remember the
spelling of difficult words are the names of concepts.
How is SQP2RS (squeepers) used for literacy support? - Answers- It is an instructional
framework that includes the following six steps: survey, question, predict, read, respond,
and summarize. These steps take students through a pre-reading process all the way to
a final summarization step.
What is content-based instruction? - Answers- Instruction based on a topic or subject
matter. The students learn about this subject while also acquiring academic English.
Content-based instruction has been seen as more of a natural approach to teaching and
developing language ability.
What are some examples of integrated learning activities that could be used in content-
based instruction? - Answers- Examples could revolver round the water cycle.
Integrated learning activities or activities that allow a learner to use multiple skills. If a
student is learning about the water cycle they could take notes on a video about the
water cycle, then use their notes to talk with their partner and/or give an informative
speech on the water cycle. Notice that the learner is incorporating multiple skills using
, the same source of information. At the beginning of the unit or lesson, the teacher
ideally provide a snapshot of the big picture to develop purpose and motivation for the
unit.
What role does L1 (native language) literacy play in development of L2? - Answers- L1
literacy has a profound impact on development of the L2. If the student has an
incomplete understanding of their own first language, they will greatly struggle with
acquiring a second language. A strong foundation of literacy skills in their first language
provides a strong foundation for learning a second language literacy. If the student has
a strong framework of her first language, she can better understand the differences and
similarities between her first language and the second language. Usually if a student
struggles with their own first language then it might indicate a specific learning disability.
What is sheltered English? - Answers- This kind of instruction features content area
instruction with strong teacher support for the target language, in this case English. In
other words sheltered language instruction works with both content and language
objectives. This method allows English language learners to access the content matter
while developing their second language skills. Lesson delivery may be adapted
according to the English learners language proficiency levels.
What is differentiated instruction? - Answers- When a teacher modifies instruction to
meet the needs of a diverse group of student learners.
What is self assessment? How do we facilitate this in the classroom? - Answers- Self
assessment occurs when a student reflects on his/her own learning our own thoughts in
the classroom. Self assessments include checklists, rubrics, and journals. Teachers
create some sort of structure for a student to be able to evaluate their own actions and
attitudes. We can facilitate this in the classroom by using the strategies when we think
we need clarification on instructions, expectations or skills.
How do we recognize bias in assessments? - Answers- A biased test is a test which
yields clear and systematic differences among the test takers. We recognize these test
biases when the results consistently delineate the test takers by gender, race or
ethnicity, or Socio economic status. Cultural bias can occur in testing situations when
test items or tasks have a bias and cultural patterns or expectations with which the
learner is unfamiliar.
What is validity? What significance does it have for assessments? - Answers- Test
validity refers to the extent to which a test accurately measures what it is intended to
measure. For example if a teacher wants to measure a students listening skills and
uses an exam focuses on writing skills of the test in this case is not a valid
measurement. Valid tests measure what they are intended to measure.
What is reliability? What significance does this have for assessments? - Answers- Test
reliability is the degree to which an assessment tool produces stable and consistent
How is GIST used as a literacy support? - Answers- Generating interactions between
schemata and texts. It is a summarization procedure to aid in comprehension of
extended text. Students go through a process of reading short segments of a text,
underlining the most important words or concepts, and placing these on board. Students
than use as many of these keywords as possible to create a summary. Students repeat
the process until the whole Text has been read, understood and summarized.
How is directed reading thinking activity (DRTA) used for literacy support? - Answers- It
is a strategy used to encourage strategic thinking while reading or listening to a
narrative. Preferably rich materials without immediately clear endings. The teacher uses
various questions to assist students and making predictions throughout the
text/narrative. Students also revisit their predictions to see if their ideas were correct or
not. The strategy helps learners focus thinking on plot, character development, motive,
etc.
How are think alouds used for literacy support? - Answers- Teachers can use the
strategy to model cognitive processes to students by thinking aloud as they read a text,
thus showing students what to look for or how to approach a text. Students can use a
strategy to express, to peers or teachers, the process they use while reading a text.
How are graphic organizers used for literacy support? - Answers- It is a comprehension
strategy to help students understand how discourse and information is organized
through graphic representation.
How are mnemonics used for literacy support? - Answers- It is a system that involves
visualization or the use of acronyms. This strategy can help students remember the
spelling of difficult words are the names of concepts.
How is SQP2RS (squeepers) used for literacy support? - Answers- It is an instructional
framework that includes the following six steps: survey, question, predict, read, respond,
and summarize. These steps take students through a pre-reading process all the way to
a final summarization step.
What is content-based instruction? - Answers- Instruction based on a topic or subject
matter. The students learn about this subject while also acquiring academic English.
Content-based instruction has been seen as more of a natural approach to teaching and
developing language ability.
What are some examples of integrated learning activities that could be used in content-
based instruction? - Answers- Examples could revolver round the water cycle.
Integrated learning activities or activities that allow a learner to use multiple skills. If a
student is learning about the water cycle they could take notes on a video about the
water cycle, then use their notes to talk with their partner and/or give an informative
speech on the water cycle. Notice that the learner is incorporating multiple skills using
, the same source of information. At the beginning of the unit or lesson, the teacher
ideally provide a snapshot of the big picture to develop purpose and motivation for the
unit.
What role does L1 (native language) literacy play in development of L2? - Answers- L1
literacy has a profound impact on development of the L2. If the student has an
incomplete understanding of their own first language, they will greatly struggle with
acquiring a second language. A strong foundation of literacy skills in their first language
provides a strong foundation for learning a second language literacy. If the student has
a strong framework of her first language, she can better understand the differences and
similarities between her first language and the second language. Usually if a student
struggles with their own first language then it might indicate a specific learning disability.
What is sheltered English? - Answers- This kind of instruction features content area
instruction with strong teacher support for the target language, in this case English. In
other words sheltered language instruction works with both content and language
objectives. This method allows English language learners to access the content matter
while developing their second language skills. Lesson delivery may be adapted
according to the English learners language proficiency levels.
What is differentiated instruction? - Answers- When a teacher modifies instruction to
meet the needs of a diverse group of student learners.
What is self assessment? How do we facilitate this in the classroom? - Answers- Self
assessment occurs when a student reflects on his/her own learning our own thoughts in
the classroom. Self assessments include checklists, rubrics, and journals. Teachers
create some sort of structure for a student to be able to evaluate their own actions and
attitudes. We can facilitate this in the classroom by using the strategies when we think
we need clarification on instructions, expectations or skills.
How do we recognize bias in assessments? - Answers- A biased test is a test which
yields clear and systematic differences among the test takers. We recognize these test
biases when the results consistently delineate the test takers by gender, race or
ethnicity, or Socio economic status. Cultural bias can occur in testing situations when
test items or tasks have a bias and cultural patterns or expectations with which the
learner is unfamiliar.
What is validity? What significance does it have for assessments? - Answers- Test
validity refers to the extent to which a test accurately measures what it is intended to
measure. For example if a teacher wants to measure a students listening skills and
uses an exam focuses on writing skills of the test in this case is not a valid
measurement. Valid tests measure what they are intended to measure.
What is reliability? What significance does this have for assessments? - Answers- Test
reliability is the degree to which an assessment tool produces stable and consistent
