1. Which macronutrient provides the most concentrated form of
energy per gram?
A. Carbohydrates
B. Proteins
C. Fats
D. Water
Answer: C) Fats
Rationale: Fats provide 9 calories per gram, while carbohydrates
and proteins each provide 4 calories per gram, making fats the
most energy-dense macronutrient.
2. The term "empty calories" refers to foods that:
A. Provide little or no nutritional value
B. Are low in calories
C. Are high in vitamins and minerals
D. Are only found in processed foods
Answer: A) Provide little or no nutritional value
Rationale: "Empty calories" are foods high in sugar or fat but low
in essential nutrients such as vitamins, minerals, and fiber.
,3. Which of the following is considered a "complete" protein
source?
A. Rice and beans
B. Chicken breast
C. Peanut butter
D. Almonds
Answer: B) Chicken breast
Rationale: Animal-based proteins, such as chicken, are considered
complete proteins because they contain all nine essential amino
acids the body cannot produce on its own.
4. Which of the following foods is most likely to provide a source
of prebiotics?
A. Yogurt
B. Oats
C. Salmon
D. Cheese
Answer: B) Oats
Rationale: Prebiotics are fibers found in foods like oats, garlic,
and onions, which promote the growth of beneficial gut bacteria.
5. The primary function of the liver in digestion is to:
A. Produce digestive enzymes
, B. Absorb nutrients
C. Synthesize bile
D. Break down carbohydrates
Answer: C) Synthesize bile
Rationale: The liver produces bile, which is stored in the
gallbladder and aids in the digestion and absorption of fats.
6. Which of the following is true about antioxidants?
A. They help promote oxidative stress
B. They can damage cells and tissues
C. They neutralize free radicals
D. They are only found in animal products
Answer: C) They neutralize free radicals
Rationale: Antioxidants help neutralize free radicals, which are
unstable molecules that can damage cells and contribute to aging
and diseases.
7. Which type of carbohydrate is most beneficial for maintaining
steady blood sugar levels?
A. Simple sugars
B. Complex carbohydrates
C. Refined carbohydrates
energy per gram?
A. Carbohydrates
B. Proteins
C. Fats
D. Water
Answer: C) Fats
Rationale: Fats provide 9 calories per gram, while carbohydrates
and proteins each provide 4 calories per gram, making fats the
most energy-dense macronutrient.
2. The term "empty calories" refers to foods that:
A. Provide little or no nutritional value
B. Are low in calories
C. Are high in vitamins and minerals
D. Are only found in processed foods
Answer: A) Provide little or no nutritional value
Rationale: "Empty calories" are foods high in sugar or fat but low
in essential nutrients such as vitamins, minerals, and fiber.
,3. Which of the following is considered a "complete" protein
source?
A. Rice and beans
B. Chicken breast
C. Peanut butter
D. Almonds
Answer: B) Chicken breast
Rationale: Animal-based proteins, such as chicken, are considered
complete proteins because they contain all nine essential amino
acids the body cannot produce on its own.
4. Which of the following foods is most likely to provide a source
of prebiotics?
A. Yogurt
B. Oats
C. Salmon
D. Cheese
Answer: B) Oats
Rationale: Prebiotics are fibers found in foods like oats, garlic,
and onions, which promote the growth of beneficial gut bacteria.
5. The primary function of the liver in digestion is to:
A. Produce digestive enzymes
, B. Absorb nutrients
C. Synthesize bile
D. Break down carbohydrates
Answer: C) Synthesize bile
Rationale: The liver produces bile, which is stored in the
gallbladder and aids in the digestion and absorption of fats.
6. Which of the following is true about antioxidants?
A. They help promote oxidative stress
B. They can damage cells and tissues
C. They neutralize free radicals
D. They are only found in animal products
Answer: C) They neutralize free radicals
Rationale: Antioxidants help neutralize free radicals, which are
unstable molecules that can damage cells and contribute to aging
and diseases.
7. Which type of carbohydrate is most beneficial for maintaining
steady blood sugar levels?
A. Simple sugars
B. Complex carbohydrates
C. Refined carbohydrates
