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Unit 2: The Body’s Response to Long Term effects exercise
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The Body’s Response to Long Term effects exerciseMuscular system
Hypertrophy and increased strength
Muscle hypertrophy is a term for the growth and increase of the side of muscle cells. The
most common good of muscular hypertrophy occurs as a result of physical exercises as
weight lifting. Whenever someone takes. Part in weight training it will have a massive effect
on the muscles and tendons, this is because the muscle fibres inside of them will tear.
Muscle fibres will be repaired using proteins through food and supplements. Have muscle
fibres get repaired like this they will become larger and stronger. This process is
hypertrophy. Makes have greater potential to achieve increases in the muscle bull due to
having higher levels of testosterone. Muscular hypertrophy improves muscular endurance
which in turn reduces fatigue enabling the athlete to perform muscular contractions for a
longer period of time.
Increase in tendon strength
Tendons are tough bands of fibrous tissue. Like muscles, tendons adapt to the mechanical
loading of regular exercise. A general adaptation is increased strength but different types of
training will exert differing effects on muscle tendon complexes. Ligaments and tendons will
increase in flexibility and strength with exercise. Articular cartilage also becomes thicker.
Increase in myoglobin and mitochondria
Increase their oxidative capacity with regular training. This is achieved by an increase in the
number of mitochondria within the muscle cells with increase the supply of ATP and an
increase in the quantity of enzymes involved in the production of ATP. The ability of the
muscle to store myoglobin is increased. This is a benefit the athlete as more oxygen will be
able to combine to the increased myoglobin stores which enables more oxygen getting to the
working muscles.
Increased storage of glycogen and fat
Fat is a substance found in all humans which is used for energy. Glycogen is the main form
of carbohydrate storgate. It is readily converted to glucose as needed by the body to satisfy
its energy needs. Increased storage of glycogen and fats is used for aerobic exercise that
last for a long period of time. Through aerobic training the body can break down and use fats
and glycogen more efficiently for energy production allowing the athlete to go further.
Increase tolerance to lactic acid
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