Summary for block 1.8 at Erasmus university (). I'm enrolled in international psychology, however the sources and study materials are the same in both psychology courses. Hence, these summaries may also be useful for Dutch students. The summaries are based on at least 2 of the required reading mate...
Summary #2 self-regulated learning & metacognition
Metacognition (MC)
= knowledge/awareness/understanding of one’s own thinking and learning process as well
as their regulation of those processes to enhance learning (and memory).
Connected to the central executive
(= manager of learning that guides processing and monitors effectiveness of
processing)
e.g. of MC skills
- study skill & learning strategies
- assessment of one’s understanding
- problem solving
- assessment of what’s logical
- assessment of time needed (planning)
Development of MC knowledge/skill
Happens with age
- with age more awareness of thinking
e.g.; theory of mind (understanding of human psychological and internal nature) starts
developing (AGE 5-7); hereby kids develop awareness of own and others mental states.
reflect on thought processes.
- with age more realistic about memory capabilities & limitations
e.g.; realization that memory is not perfect
- with age more awareness & use of learning strategies
e.g. use more (complex) LS; AGE 7-8 spontaneous rehearsal AGE 9-10, cumulative rehearsing
- with age more monitoring (of comprehension)
e.g. assessing own knowledge
- with age more conscious and deliberate learning process
this developmental increase in MC knowledge/skill may be due to
neurological maturation
larger working memory capacity.
+ MC + achievement & school learning
Knowledge in MC
- Declarative knowledge
= knowing about different study & memory strategies and knowing which resources
must be employed.
- Procedural knowledge
= knowing how to use knowledge (skills, strategies, resources)
- Self-regulatory knowledge
= knowing conditions in which one uses specific strategies.
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