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Forensic Psychology Exam Questions with 100% Solved Answers

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Forensic Psychology Exam Questions with 100% Solved Answers what are the 4 treatments for offenders? - Answer-custodial sentencing anger management restorative justice behavioural modification in custody what are the aims of custodial sentencing? - Answer-deterrence (put off a criminal) inc...

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  • February 20, 2025
  • 7
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
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  • Forensic Psychology
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Forensic Psychology Exam Questions
with 100% Solved Answers

what are the 4 treatments for offenders? - Answer-custodial sentencing
anger management
restorative justice
behavioural modification in custody

what are the aims of custodial sentencing? - Answer-deterrence (put off a criminal)
incapacitation (protect public) retribution (punishment) rehabilitation (reform)

what is an effect of custodial sentencing and how many women and men in prison suffer
from it? - Answer-depression.
6.3% of men and 7.5% of women suffer from depression.

custodial sentencing AO3: - Answer-+ practical application as retribution and monotomy
has helped find out how many prisoners will reoffend e.g. 57% of prisoners in Europe.
+ prisoners are surrounded by opportunities for learning and CBT is used to reduce
minimalisation is reduced for sex offenders.
- individual differences arent accounted for as it depends on the traits of the convict.
some reoffend and some are deterred so its subjective.

what are the aims of behaviour modification in custody? - Answer-features in token
economies and is based on reinforcement. tokens act as a secondary reinforcer and
can be traded in for a reward.

what was Holt and Hobbs study on behaviour modification? - Answer-they studied 125
male prisoners across 14 months and found an increase in desirable behaviours
suggesting token economies do work.

behaviour modification in custody AO3: - Answer-- only treats proximal cause of
offending temporarily. the saem rewards wont be present on the outside world so
behaviour wont be reinforced the same.
- ethical concern with token economies as a failure to show desirable traits are punished
with no reward. may psychologically harm them.
+ technique is flexible and easy to do. tokens need to be consistent

what are the aims of anger management? - Answer-it focuses on dealing with emotions
and preventing anger through using cognitive preparation which is where anger is
identified which helps them to avoid anger.
forms of meditiation and breathing techniques are used as coping mechanisms.

, what is offender profiling? - Answer-used by police to narrow down lists of suspects.
experts analyse the crime scene and use evidence to generate a hypothesis about
characteristics of the offender.

what is geographical profiling? - Answer-method used in bottom up approach that uses
the geographical location of crimes to determine whether an offender is a marauder or
commuter.

what is investigative psychology? - Answer-method used in the bottom up approach that
uses data analysis to find patterns in crimes. e.g. interpersonal coherence (how
offenders interact with victims)

who uses the top down approach and what are the 4 steps to constructing a profile? -
Answer-the USA (fbi)
crime scene classification- organised or disorganise criminal
crime reconstruction- hypothesis made in terms of sequence of events.
data assimilation- profiler views the evidence
profile generation- hypothesis related to likely offender and their characteristics

what is an organised offender? - Answer-An offender who shows evidence of planning,
targets a specific victim and tends to be socially and sexually competent and don't leave
clues at the crime scene.

what is a disorganised offender? - Answer-An offender who shows little evidence of
planning, leaves clues and tends to be socially and sexually incompetent with lower
than average intelligence. they dont target a specific victim and operate around their
local base.

top down approach AO3: - Answer-- can only be used to explain crimes that have
obvious characteristics but is ineffective when dealing with a burglary or middle class
crimes like fraud.
- not all offenders can be classed as either organised or disorganised (reductionist as it
oversimplifies criminals)
+ research support for organised offender type but not disorganised. lack validity.

what is the bottom up approach and who is it used by? - Answer-the UK.
develops a profile as the crime scene and eyewitness testimonies are analysed.

bottom up approach AO3: - Answer-- doesn't always lead to the correct identification of
an offender. copson found info from offender profiling only lead to successfulness 3% of
the time but useful in 83% of cases.
+ it relies on statistical analysis which is scientific compared to the top down which is
oversimplistic.

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