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CMPSC 101: CH. 1 VOCAB QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 100% CORRECT!!
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Program - ANSWER-a set of instructions that a computer follows to perform a task Software - ANSWER-what programs are commonly referred to as -essential to a computer because it controls everything the computer does -the programs that run on a computer -everything a computer does is under the...

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  • February 25, 2025
  • 5
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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  • cmpsc 101 ch 1 vocab stuvia 2025
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CMPSC 101: CH. 1 VOCAB QUESTIONS
& ANSWERS 100% CORRECT!!
Program - ANSWER-a set of instructions that a computer follows to perform a task

Software - ANSWER-what programs are commonly referred to as
-essential to a computer because it controls everything the computer does
-the programs that run on a computer
-everything a computer does is under the control of software
-2 general categories of software: system software and application software

Programmer or software developer - ANSWER-a person with the training and skills
necessary to design, create, and test computer program

Hardware - ANSWER-the physical devices (components) that a computer is made of

The central processing unit (CPU) - ANSWER-is the part of a computer that actually
runs programs

microprocessors - ANSWER-today, CPUs are small chips known as this

main memory - ANSWER-this is where the computer stores a program while the
program is running, as well as the data that the program is working with

random-access memory (RAM) - ANSWER-main memory is commonly known at this
-usually a volatile type of memory that is used only for temporary storage while a
program is running.

Secondary storage - ANSWER-a type of memory that can hold data for long periods
of time, even when there is no power to the computer

disk drive - ANSWER-the most common type of secondary storage device
-a traditional disk drive stores data by magnetically encoding it onto a spinning
circular disk.

Solid-state drives - ANSWER-store data in solid-state memory, are increasingly
becoming popular
-has no moving parts and operates faster than a traditional disk drive

Floppy disk drive - ANSWER-records data onto a small floppy disk, which can be
removed from the drive.

USB drives - ANSWER-small devices that plug into the computer's USB (universal
serial bus) port and appear to the system as a disk drive.
-also known as memory sticks and flash drives

, binary numbering system (binary) - ANSWER-all numeric values are written as
sequences of 0s and 1s
-example: 10011101
-usually called "binary"

American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) - ANSWER-a set of
128 numeric codes that represent the English letters, various punctuation marks, and
other characters

Unicode - ANSWER-an extensive encoding scheme that is compatible with ASCII,
but can also represent characters for many of the languages in the world


flash memory - ANSWER-USB drives store data in a special type of memory known
as this

input - ANSWER-any data the computer collects from people and from other devices

input device - ANSWER-the component that collects the data and sends it to the
computer

output - ANSWERany data the computer produces for people or for other devices

output device - ANSWER-data is sent here, which formats and presents it

system software - ANSWERthe programs that control and manage the basic
operations of a computer

operating system - ANSWERthe most fundamental set of programs on a computer

utility program - ANSWERperforms a specialized task that enhances the computer's
operation or safeguards data

software development tools - ANSWERthe programs that programmers use to
create, modify, and test software

application software - ANSWERprograms that make a computer useful for everyday
tasks

binary digit (bit) - ANSWEReach byte is divided into 8 smaller storage locations
known as bits
-term bit stands for binary digit
two's complement - ANSWER-negative numbers are encoded using this
technique/encoding scheme

floating-point notation - ANSWERreal numbers are encoded in this encoding scheme

digital - ANSWER-can be used to describe anything that uses binary numbers

digital data - ANSWER-data that is stored in binary

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