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NURS 5315 UTA Respiratory Exam Questions with All Correct Answers

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NURS 5315 UTA Respiratory Exam
Questions with All Correct
Answers
What disorder uses the pulmonary function test FEV1 and what does it tell the clinician?
- Answer-Asthma- ( other obstructive disease processes). It shows the compliance or
how healthy the lungs are at any given time

Define minute ventilation and how is it calculated - Answer-tidal volume x respiratory
rate
Total amount of new air moved into the respiratory system each minute

Define alveolar ventilation - Answer-The rate new air reaches the gas-exchange areas
of the lungs alveoli

What process moves gas molecules into the alveoli? - Answer-Diffusion

Define dead space - Answer-Space in respiratory system where no gas exchange
occurs

What are the two types of dead space? - Answer-1. Anatomical dead space=
conducting zones = 30% of TLC ( total lung capacity)

2. Physiologic dead space- anatomic dead space + alveoli without blood flow

When is air in a " dead space"expired? - Answer-First, before air from the alveoli gets
out causing disadvantage of CO2 removal

What is the effect of dead space on patients with disease processes related to CO2? -
Answer-It's harder for them to blow off CO2

What are the 3 components of the anatomy of pulmonary circulation. - Answer-1.
Deoxygenated blood from the Rt Ventricle, pulmonary artery, pulmonary capillary bed (
where gas exchange occurs) pulmonary vein, Lt atrium

2. Bronchial vessels: from systemic circulation, provide oxygenated blood to trachea,
bronchi, lungs, esophagus, visceral pleural, and pulmonary arteries ( Does Not
contribute to gas exchange)

3. Lymphatics : extend through connective tissues and hilum

, At what percentage of oxygen concentration in an alveoli do the adjacent blood vessels
constrict? - Answer-Less than 70%

when do vessels constrict after oxygenation falls below 70% concentration? - Answer-
Within 10 mins of hypoventilation in alveolar unit

What is V/Q mismatching? - Answer-Sending blood to areas of the lungs that aren't
functioning well

What is hypoxia pulmonary vasoconstriction response? - Answer-Decrease use of
alveoli when a decrease in oxygenation concentration occurs to ensure working alveoli
are receiving blood in a process called V/Q matching

What is the result of hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction response? - Answer-1.
Increase pulmonary vascular resistance in the lung unit that is not well ventilated

2. Shunting of pulmonary blood flow to areas of the lung that are adequately ventilated

3. Maximizes ventilation/ perfusion matching ( V/Q matching)

What is the most common cause of hypoxemia? - Answer-V/Q mismatch

What disease processes are effected by V/Q mismatching? - Answer-Asthma
Chronic bronchitis
Pneumonia
Atelectasis
Pulmonary embolism
( disease of the alveoli)

What differences are during V/Q mismatching? - Answer-1. Alveolar O2 concentration
and PaO2
2. CO2 in expired air ( end tidal CO2) & PaCO2

What is the PaO2 if you have lung disease and intact V/Q matching? - Answer-Normal

Describe physiologic shunting - Answer-V/Q is below normal = inadequate ventilation to
oxygenate blood flowing through alveolar capillaries

Describe physiologic dead space - Answer-V/Q is above normal = alveoli are well
ventilated but alveoli are not well perfused

What makes up the conducting airway zone? - Answer-Extra- thoracic and Intra thoracic
structures

What are the extra thoracic structures? - Answer-Nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea

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