LATEST MAN3025 FINAL EXAM UCF QUESTIONS & CORRECT ANSWERS

LATEST MAN3025 FINAL EXAM UCF QUESTIONS & CORRECT ANSWERS "This utilizes different management approaches when the situation calls for it, because there is no 'one size fits all' solution to every problem. - CORRECT ANSWER Contingency Thinking" "Those working in the field of operations management view an organization as a ____, or a set of smaller coordinated parts that work in tandem to produce a desired result. - CORRECT ANSWER System" "This is known as one of the four I's of leadership, and describes how leaders motivate followers to commit to the vision of the organization. - CORRECT ANSWER Inspirational motivation" "According to the Managerial Grid Model, there are five styles of management/leadership behaviors. Which style claims that adequate organization performance is possible through balancing the necessity to get out the work with maintaining the morale of people at a satisfactory level? - CORRECT ANSWER Middle-of-the-Road Management" "When changing an organizational culture, this step sometimes involves cataclysmic events such as a death or retirement of the founder or a decision to merge or sell the business. - CORRECT ANSWER Unfreeze the Current Culture" "When changing an organizational culture, this step involves developing a strategy for gathering the top management and establishing rules of conduct. - CORRECT ANSWER Elicit Support from the Cultural Elite" "_________ prefer abstract situations that are broad in scope. These managers tend to avoid details and are both logical and impersonal. (This is a type of cognitive style) - CORRECT ANSWER Intuitive Thinkers" "This type of decision making involves looking for alternatives only long enough to find one that meets our needs. - CORRECT ANSWER Satisficing" "This procedure of evaluation consists of assigning one of several categories to describe the performance of an employee. This could include categories such as great,good,or average. - CORRECT ANSWER Classification Procedures" "There are three main types of goal-setting processes. This type of goal setting does not allow employees to have any influence on the content of the goals or level of performance expected. - CORRECT ANSWER Assigned Goals" "An arrangement of workers who collaborate to accomplish a collective goal is a: - CORRECT ANSWER organization" "Since an organization is a system that both responds to and has an effect on its environment, it is considered an _______. - CORRECT ANSWER open system" "____________ is a measure of "input" that describes how well resources were used in completing an objective - CORRECT ANSWER performance efficiency" "____________ is a measure of "output" in a form of a goal or objective accomplishment. - CORRECT ANSWER Performance effectiveness" "The lowest-level management position is that of a: - CORRECT ANSWER supervisor" "__________ have expertise in a single area, such as production, accounting, human resources, sales, or marketing. - CORRECT ANSWER Functional managers" "_________ is the psychological process of determining appropriate activities that achieve the objectives and goals of the organization. - CORRECT ANSWER Planning" "In the Hawthorne Studies, Elton Mayo led a series of studies that tried to test the effects of lighting and worker fatigue on _____. - CORRECT ANSWER Worker Productivity" "Douglas McGregor identifies two main approaches to management: Theory X and Theory Y. McGregor states that managers who subscribe to either theory will create a ____. - CORRECT ANSWER Self-fulfilling Prophecy" "There are three classical approaches to management, they are: - CORRECT ANSWER Bureaucratic organization, scientific management and administrative principles" "This type of organization is based on a structure with a specific hierarchy of authority, a well-defined division of labor, clear rules and procedures on behavior and performance, impersonal relationships, and career advancement based on merit. This classical approach to management is called: - CORRECT ANSWER Bureaucratic organization" "In order to solve problems and reconcile differences, Mary Parker Follett believed there should be ________ between managers and employees. - CORRECT ANSWER clear lines of communication" "Those working in the field of operations management view an organization as a system, or a set of smaller coordinated parts that work in tandem to produce a desired result. These smaller coordinated parts of the system are known as: - CORRECT ANSWER Subsystem" "In Maslow's Needs Theory, people are motivated to first satisfy ________ needs. - CORRECT ANSWER Physiological" "Maslow referred to the concept of satisfying one need before moving to another as __________ - CORRECT ANSWER Satisfaction Progression" "In the ERG theory, _______ needs are the highest form of needs. - CORRECT ANSWER growth" "Achievement motivation is most easily demonstrated by examining the simple formula.... - CORRECT ANSWER Achievement Motivation = nAch - Fear of Failure" "In Expectancy Theory, ___________ is the belief that if you do perform, your performance will be noted and rewarded. - CORRECT ANSWER Instrumentality" "__________ primarily focuses on the unfair delivery of resources. - CORRECT ANSWER Distributive Justice" "__________ is a person's sense of fair treatment so far as it is involved the communication process. - CORRECT ANSWER Interactional Justice" "In the job characteristics model, ________ is the degree to which an employee can perceive the impact of his/her work on the final product, other employees, or the work environment. - CORRECT ANSWER Task Significance" "In the two-factor theory, _______ tend to be intrinsic in nature, and they have the potential to create satisfaction in employees. - CORRECT ANSWER Motivation Factors" "This refers to a belief in one's ability to perform a specific activity, determined primarily by how well the person has learned and practiced the task: - CORRECT ANSWER Self-efficacy" "This refers to the relative strength of an individual's identification with and involvement in an organization. - CORRECT ANSWER Organizational Commitment" "This refers to the set of competencies that allow us to perceive, understand, and regulate emotions in ourselves and others. - CORRECT ANSWER Emotional Intellegence" "This type of leader exhibits a set of distinct behaviors know as the four I's. - CORRECT ANSWER Transformational Leader" "In Fiedler's Contingency Theory of Leadership, he focused on three different factors of the work environment: leader-member relations, _______, and leader position power. - CORRECT ANSWER task structure" "Hersey and Blanchard's Life Cycle Theory of Leadership describes four levels of maturity. Which level is described by someone who is ready to be delegated to? - CORRECT ANSWER M4" "Hersey and Blanchard's Life Cycle Theory of Leadership describes four levels of maturity. Which level is described by someone who is lacking specific required skills but motivated to take responsibility for the job/task? - CORRECT ANSWER M2" "In an organization, organizational _________ typically refers to people's attitudes and how they feel about an organization. - CORRECT ANSWER Climate" "In an organization, organizational __________ generally refers to organizational rules and beliefs that are relatively enduring and resistant to change. - CORRECT ANSWER Culture" "________ consist of the behaviors, language, and physical symbols of a culture. - CORRECT ANSWER Cultural Artifacts" "_________ are situation-specific rules that guide the behavior of organizational members. - CORRECT ANSWER Shared Norms" "_________ are the most difficult to identify and study because they deal with beliefs about reality and human nature. - CORRECT ANSWER Shared Assumptions" "A major challenge every organization has to deal with is____________. This refers to the way an organization secures its place in an industry and the way it copes with a constantly changing environment. - CORRECT ANSWER External Adaptation" "_________ is concerned with establishing and maintaining effective working relationships among the members of an organization. - CORRECT ANSWER Internal Integration" "____________ is a type of rite that shows an individual's status has changed, such as a promotion or retirement. - CORRECT ANSWER Rite of Passage" "______ are rules about how businesses and their employees should behave. - CORRECT ANSWER Business Ethics" "Business ethics help to guide an organization's efforts and offer a foundation for its _______. - CORRECT ANSWER culture" "The ________ refers to respecting the dignity of all people and being concerned about how you treat others. - CORRECT ANSWER Dignity Principle" "The ________ refers to acting in the best interest of the company and its investors. - CORRECT ANSWER Fiduciary Principle" "Which of the following is not one of the ways to evaluate a code of ethics' effectiveness. - CORRECT ANSWER Employee Salaries" "Which of the following is not a positive aspect that a code of ethics brings to an organization? - CORRECT ANSWER Reminds employees to look at the bottom line." "In management, "good information" is relevant, understandable, timely, accurate, and ______. - CORRECT ANSWER complete" "Managers that use a(n) _____________ approach are generally very rational and use rational methods of problem solving. - CORRECT ANSWER Systematic Thinking" "_________ prefer hard, conclusive data and high-control situations. These managers focus more on "the numbers" of a situation and take a more impersonal approach. (This is a type of cognitive style) - CORRECT ANSWER Sensational Thinkers" "When you make a decision and try to shape your criteria for alternatives to make your choice seem rational, you are using ____________. - CORRECT ANSWER Implicit Favorite Decision Making" "There are five essential steps in the planning process that should be addressed in order to have a functional plan. The first step is: - CORRECT ANSWER Defining the objective" "This is a plan designed to accomplish part or all of a strategic plan. They are generally focused on how to use the organization's assets to accomplish an objective. - CORRECT ANSWER Tactical Plan" "This is primarily concerned with the goals of the whole organization. It has a wide focus and helps an organization decide where to allocate resources and what direction to pursue in future operations. - CORRECT ANSWER Strategic Plan" "This is the act of predicting future events and scenarios. - CORRECT ANSWER Forecasting" "This type of planning creates various action plans that will be implemented when an unfortunate event occurs. It can be referred to as identifying a "Plan B" or "Plan C." - CORRECT ANSWER Contingency Planning" "In an MBO contract, there are three main types of objectives. These are Personal Development Objectives, Improvement Objectives, and ____________. - CORRECT ANSWER Maintenance Objectives" "These goals detail specified improvements in performance. - CORRECT ANSWER Improvement Goals" "The three elements of a performance review are goal setting, performance feedback, and ___________. - CORRECT ANSWER Recognition of accomplishments" "How much goals will influence behavior is dependent on four basic elements of goal setting. This element is the amount of devotion that a person has to reaching a specific goal. - CORRECT ANSWER Goal Commitment" "The two main components of a wage are 1. What is fair for the type of job and level of performance and 2. ____________. - CORRECT ANSWER The supply and demand of the labor market and the company's ability to furnish that level of compensation" "_______________ is the framework within which an organization arranges its lines of authority and communication. It defines the allocation of rights and duties and determines how information flows. - CORRECT ANSWER Organizational Structure" "_______________ is the process of actually building an organization. - CORRECT ANSWER Organization design" "The five main elements of organizational design are division of labor, __________, span of control, delegation of authority, and coordinating mechanisms. - CORRECT ANSWER Departmentalization" "The five main elements of organizational design are ____________, departmentalization, span of control, delegation of authority, and coordinating mechanisms. - CORRECT ANSWER Division of Labor" "When jobs that are relatively homogenous are grouped into silos it is called __________. - CORRECT ANSWER Functional Departmentalization" "One of the ways to coordinate an organization's members so that low-level employees act in a way that supports the strategic goals of upper management is ________________. This is when stringent rules are in place as well as standardized procedures. - CORRECT ANSWER Standardization of work" "One of the advantages of a bureaucracy is ____________. A highly specialized division of labor coupled with high coordination among employees and departments leads to a very resourceful method. - CORRECT ANSWER Technical Efficiency" "Understanding the facts of the message and restating a paraphrased form back to the original speaker to clarify meaning and establish that the listener is indeed listening. - CORRECT ANSWER Expressed level of empathy" "The listener actually picks up the emotional cues and tries to understand what the speaker may have insinuated or chosen not to say. - CORRECT ANSWER Implied level of empathy" “Prejudice - CORRECT ANSWER having preconceived unreasonable attitudes regarding members of a certain demographic, population, or group (race, gender, age, etc.)—sets the stage for diversity bias" "When prejudice becomes active, it turns into _________, a time when members of a group are given unfair treatment in the organization. - CORRECT ANSWER discrimination" "An unseen barrier that stops minority groups and women from attaining high positions in organizations, despite adequate experience and qualifications, is: - CORRECT ANSWER glass ceiling effect" "This refers to a field of study that analyzes the way goods and services are rendered and attempts to improve the process: - CORRECT ANSWER Operations management" "Frederick W. Taylor believed that if employees performed their tasks in the 'best' way, after analyzing the activities and creating an optimal standard operating procedure, productivity would be increased. This classical approach to management is called: - CORRECT ANSWER Scientific Management" "When the mind is interpreting and organizing sensations, this is known as: - CORRECT ANSWER perception" "A manager notes that one of his employees is always on time. His perception of this employee's timeliness leads him to believe that this worker is also very smart. This is known as: - CORRECT ANSWER The Halo Effect" "When we observe someone else's behavior, we tend to overestimate the influence of personality traits and underestimate situational influences. This is a conclusion of: - CORRECT ANSWER Attribution theory" "This dimension of the Big Five Personality Model represents the degree to which an individual is dependable or reliable. A person who rates high on this dimension is perceived as careful, organized, persistent, and hardworking. - CORRECT ANSWER Conscientiousness" "Self-Efficacy has three dimensions, these are: - CORRECT ANSWER Magnitude, strength, & generality" "This is known as one of the four I's of leadership, and describes the way a leader sets an exemplary role model for others. - CORRECT ANSWER Idealized influence" "This is known as one of the four I's of leadership, and describes how transformational leaders encourage innovation and creativity through challenging the normal beliefs or views of a group. - CORRECT ANSWER Intellectual stimulation" "According to Robert House, there are four key leader behaviors. Which leadership style is most successful in an environment where formal authority is low, the tasks are simple or highly structured, and the group is not working together well? - CORRECT ANSWER Supportive" "According to Robert House, there are four key leader behaviors. Which leadership style is most successful in an environment that highly values formal authority has high complexity to tasks, and has a group that is working together well? - CORRECT ANSWER Directive" "When people make a decision using "selective hearing," they are only listening to information that affirms their decision (rather than all of the information). What error does this cause? - CORRECT ANSWER Confirmation Error" "When a person makes a decision based on recent events and information on hand, they are making an error due to __________. - CORRECT ANSWER Availability Heuristics" "There are five essential steps in the planning process that should be addressed in order to have a functional plan. The third step is: - CORRECT ANSWER Predict future scenarios of varying conditions" "A performance review that includes evaluations from superiors, subordinates, and peers rather than just the immediate supervisor is known as the: - CORRECT ANSWER 360-degree appraisal" "Subordinate reviews are useful because they offer information that may not be readily observable from the higher management levels. This type of appraisal is known as the: - CORRECT ANSWER Upward Appraisal." "This is a company-wide incentive program where financial incentive is tied to level of productivity of employees. - CORRECT ANSWER Gainsharing"