Case Study No. 1
Mr. Perkins, age 81, reports for an annual physical examination. He says he is doing well.
His only known problem is osteoarthritis. He also requests a flu shot. He takes no medications
other than Tylenol for arthritis pain. When he walks into the exam room, you notice that he is using
a straight cane in his right hand. When you ask about the cane, he says he began using the cane
because the pain in his right hip had increased significantly over the past 6 months.
Activity limitation in adults is undeniably evident. Osteoarthritis (OA) is known to be the
most common disease causing frequent physical problems in adults. This prevalent joint condition
has been affecting more than 240 million people globally, including more than 32 million in the
United States (Katz et al., 2021). Osteoarthritis may occur because of aging-related changes in the
joint tissues. In addition to age, environmental, biomechanical, and biochemical variables may also
play a role in osteoarthritis development (Chow & Chin, 2020).
For the case of Mr. Perkins, it is important to note the following: first, the patient takes
Tylenol in treating arthritic pain, then the patient must be in rather decent condition. Second, it
indicates that the patient does not have any comorbid conditions that would be required in taking
variety of drugs. The patient admits that the osteoarthritis pain has gotten worse, which is the major
reason the patient needs a cane to walk. Furthermore, the patient asks for a flu shot. This study
discusses an evaluation strategy in terms of assessment methods, mandatory vaccinations, and
other factors such as health education.
The approach to health promotion and disease prevention is one of several viable ways for
dealing with what has increasingly become a feature of modern times: the prevalence of chronic
sickness and numerous chronic diseases or functional impairments among the elderly.
, Management for an octogenarian patient involves holistic evaluation not only focusing to physical
aspect of the patient (NRS, 1988). As published by ANA, Schlenk (2020) stated that the goal of
OA management is to promote self-management, reduce pain, improve function, and alter the
disease process and its consequences. Self-management education, psychological assessment and
therapies for man-age depression and anxiety, nutritional therapy, physical and occupational
therapy, medication, and surgical procedures can all be part of an interdisciplinary team approach.
Katz et al. (2021) states exercise, weight loss where necessary, and education are the pillars of
managing OA; if there are no contraindications, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medicines
(NSAIDs) may be applied topically or taken orally.
According to ANA (2020), patients with osteoarthritis can benefit from evidence-based
exercise and self-management education programs. The following initiatives have been
recommended or identified as promising by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Assessment tools from CDC that will be used include:
1. Physical Activity Programs: Physical exercise has been shown in studies to reduce pain
and enhance function, happiness, and quality of life in persons with arthritis. Physical
exercise is also beneficial in the management of other chronic illnesses common in
individuals with arthritis, such as diabetes, heart disease, and obesity.
a. Recommended
i. Active Living Every Day
ii. Enhance Fitness
iii. Walk with Ease
iv. Fit & Strong
b. Promising
Mr. Perkins, age 81, reports for an annual physical examination. He says he is doing well.
His only known problem is osteoarthritis. He also requests a flu shot. He takes no medications
other than Tylenol for arthritis pain. When he walks into the exam room, you notice that he is using
a straight cane in his right hand. When you ask about the cane, he says he began using the cane
because the pain in his right hip had increased significantly over the past 6 months.
Activity limitation in adults is undeniably evident. Osteoarthritis (OA) is known to be the
most common disease causing frequent physical problems in adults. This prevalent joint condition
has been affecting more than 240 million people globally, including more than 32 million in the
United States (Katz et al., 2021). Osteoarthritis may occur because of aging-related changes in the
joint tissues. In addition to age, environmental, biomechanical, and biochemical variables may also
play a role in osteoarthritis development (Chow & Chin, 2020).
For the case of Mr. Perkins, it is important to note the following: first, the patient takes
Tylenol in treating arthritic pain, then the patient must be in rather decent condition. Second, it
indicates that the patient does not have any comorbid conditions that would be required in taking
variety of drugs. The patient admits that the osteoarthritis pain has gotten worse, which is the major
reason the patient needs a cane to walk. Furthermore, the patient asks for a flu shot. This study
discusses an evaluation strategy in terms of assessment methods, mandatory vaccinations, and
other factors such as health education.
The approach to health promotion and disease prevention is one of several viable ways for
dealing with what has increasingly become a feature of modern times: the prevalence of chronic
sickness and numerous chronic diseases or functional impairments among the elderly.
, Management for an octogenarian patient involves holistic evaluation not only focusing to physical
aspect of the patient (NRS, 1988). As published by ANA, Schlenk (2020) stated that the goal of
OA management is to promote self-management, reduce pain, improve function, and alter the
disease process and its consequences. Self-management education, psychological assessment and
therapies for man-age depression and anxiety, nutritional therapy, physical and occupational
therapy, medication, and surgical procedures can all be part of an interdisciplinary team approach.
Katz et al. (2021) states exercise, weight loss where necessary, and education are the pillars of
managing OA; if there are no contraindications, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medicines
(NSAIDs) may be applied topically or taken orally.
According to ANA (2020), patients with osteoarthritis can benefit from evidence-based
exercise and self-management education programs. The following initiatives have been
recommended or identified as promising by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Assessment tools from CDC that will be used include:
1. Physical Activity Programs: Physical exercise has been shown in studies to reduce pain
and enhance function, happiness, and quality of life in persons with arthritis. Physical
exercise is also beneficial in the management of other chronic illnesses common in
individuals with arthritis, such as diabetes, heart disease, and obesity.
a. Recommended
i. Active Living Every Day
ii. Enhance Fitness
iii. Walk with Ease
iv. Fit & Strong
b. Promising
