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Summary Working Man-1.7 Problem 3
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Organizational Psychology Working Man 1.7 Summary
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Problem 3Group: 2+ people in face-to-face interaction, all aware of their group
membership & interdependence as they strive to achieve their goals.
o Formal group : created by management to accomplish defined task that
contributes to the organization’s goal.
o Informal group : individuals who become a group, influence on another’s behavior
and contribute to mutual need satisfaction (no specific goals).
Team role: tendency to behave in preferred ways which contribute & interrelate
with other team members.
Group self-organization: tendency of groups to form interest, develop autonomy &
establish identities.
Group dynamics: forces operating within groups that affect their performance &
member’s satisfaction.
Work team: type of work group with 3 properties:
o Actions of individuals must be independent and
coordinated.
o Each member must have specified role.
o There must be common task goals or objectives.
Aggregating: collection of unrelated people who
happen to be in close physical proximity for short
period of time.
5 characteristics of groups
1. A minimum of 2 members: The more members there are the more relationships
can be formed= this requires: High level of communication AND complex group
structure.
2. A communication network: every member should be able to talk every other
member.
3. Sense of collective identity: not see self as an independent individual, rather part
of a distinct group.
4. Complementary goals: only able to achieve goals through membership = need to
work together.
5. Group structure: roles & norms are fixed and dictate how to behave within the
group.
- Autonomous work group + Awareness and interdependent goal achievement.
TYPES OF GROUP TASKS by Steiner
Best group tasks: feedback, clear and achievable goal
Additive tasks: all group members perform the same , group performs better than
individual, social loafing could reduce performance and THUS LOW
INTERDEPENDECY. EG: giving a car a push start
Conjunctive tasks: task whose accomplishment depends on performance of groups
of the least talented member.
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