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WGU C952 Computer Architecture Terms defined and explained correctly $17.00
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WGU C952 Computer Architecture Terms defined and explained correctly

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WGU C952 Computer Architecture Terms defined and explained correctly WGU C952 Computer Architecture Terms defined and explained correctly Personal computer (PC) << correct answer >> A computer designed for use by an individual, usually incorporating a graphics display, a keyboar...

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WGU C952 Computer Architecture Terms defined and
explained correctly


Personal computer (PC) << correct answer >> A computer designed for use by an
individual, usually incorporating a graphics display, a keyboard, and a mouse.

Server << correct answer >> A computer used for running larger programs for multiple
users, often simultaneously, and typically accessed only via a network.

Supercomputer: << correct answer >> A class of computers with the highest
performance and cost; they are configured as servers and typically cost tens to
hundreds of millions of dollars.

Embedded computer: << correct answer >> A computer inside another device used for
running one predetermined application or collection of software.

Personal mobile devices (PMDs) << correct answer >> are small wireless devices to
connect to the Internet; they rely on batteries for power, and software is installed by
downloading apps. Conventional examples are smart phones and tablets.

Cloud computing << correct answer >> refers to large collections of servers that provide
services over the Internet; some providers rent dynamically varying numbers of servers
as a utility.

Software as a Service (SaaS) << correct answer >> delivers software and data as a
service over the Internet, usually via a thin program such as a browser that runs on local
client devices, instead of binary code that must be installed, and runs wholly on that
device. Examples include web search and social networking.

Multicore microprocessor << correct answer >> A microprocessor containing multiple
processors ("cores") in a single integrated circuit.

Acronym << correct answer >> A word constructed by taking the initial letters of a string
of words. For example: RAM is an acronym for Random Access Memory, and CPU is
an acronym for Central Processing Unit.

Terabyte (TB): << correct answer >> Originally 1,099,511,627,776 (240) bytes, although
communications and secondary storage systems developers started using the term to
mean 1,000,000,000,000 (1012) bytes. To reduce confusion, we now use the term
tebibyte (TiB) for 240 bytes, defining terabyte (TB) to mean 1012 bytes. The figure
below shows the full range of decimal and binary values and names.

Systems software: << correct answer >> Software that provides services that are
commonly useful, including operating systems, compilers, loaders, and assemblers.

,Operating system << correct answer >> Supervising program that manages the
resources of a computer for the benefit of the programs that run on that computer.

Compiler << correct answer >> A program that translates high-level language
statements into assembly language statements.

Binary digit << correct answer >> Also called a bit. One of the two numbers in base 2 (0
or 1) that are the components of information.

Instruction << correct answer >> A command that computer hardware understands and
obeys

Assembler << correct answer >> A program that translates a symbolic version of
instructions into the binary version.

Assembly language << correct answer >> A symbolic representation of machine
instructions.

Machine language << correct answer >> A binary representation of machine
instructions

High-level programming language << correct answer >> A portable language such as C,
C++, Java, or Visual Basic that is composed of words and algebraic notation that can be
translated by a compiler into assembly language.

Input device << correct answer >> A mechanism through which the computer is fed
information, such as a keyboard.

Output device << correct answer >> A mechanism that conveys the result of a
computation to a user, such as a display, or to another computer

Liquid crystal display: << correct answer >> A display technology using a thin layer of
liquid polymers that can be used to transmit or block light according to whether a charge
is applied.

Active matrix display << correct answer >> A liquid crystal display using a transistor to
control the transmission of light at each individual pixel.

Pixel << correct answer >> The smallest individual picture element. Screens are
composed of hundreds of thousands to millions of pixels, organized in a matrix.

Integrated circuit << correct answer >> Also called a chip. A device combining dozens
to millions of transistors.

, Central processor unit (CPU) << correct answer >> Also called processor. The active
part of the computer, which contains the datapath and control and which adds numbers,
tests numbers, signals I/O devices to activate, and so on.

Datapath << correct answer >> The component of the processor that performs
arithmetic operations.

Control << correct answer >> The component of the processor that commands the
datapath, memory, and I/O devices according to the instructions of the program.

Memory << correct answer >> The storage area in which programs are kept when they
are running and that contains the data needed by the running programs.

Dynamic random access memory (DRAM) << correct answer >> Memory built as an
integrated circuit; it provides random access to any location. Access times are 50
nanoseconds and cost per gigabyte in 2012 was $5 to $10.

Cache memory << correct answer >> A small, fast memory that acts as a buffer for a
slower, larger memory.

Static random access memory (SRAM): << correct answer >> Also memory built as an
integrated circuit, but faster and less dense than DRAM.

Instruction set architecture << correct answer >> Also called architecture. An abstract
interface between the hardware and the lowest-level software that encompasses all the
information necessary to write a machine language program that will run correctly,
including instructions, registers, memory access, I/O, and so on.

Application binary interface (ABI) << correct answer >> The user portion of the
instruction set plus the operating system interfaces used by application programmers. It
defines a standard for binary portability across computers.

Implementation << correct answer >> Hardware that obeys the architecture abstraction

Volatile memory << correct answer >> Storage, such as DRAM, that retains data only if
it is receiving power.

Nonvolatile memory << correct answer >> A form of memory that retains data even in
the absence of a power source and that is used to store programs between runs. A
DVD disk is nonvolatile.

Main memory << correct answer >> Also called primary memory. Memory used to hold
programs while they are running; typically consists of DRAM in today's computers.

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