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Fluid and Electrolytes-Nursing Exam Questions and Answers 100% Pass
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Fluid and Electrolytes-Nursing Exam Questions and Answers 100% Pass Hypervolemia-Isotonic - Fluid Excess-equal amounts of electrolytes and water; Treatment-decrease water and electrolytes; Interventions-assess for edema and breathe sounds, monitor I&O, administer diuretics, restrict fluid intak...

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  • March 2, 2025
  • 6
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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  • fluid and electrolytes nursing exam questions and

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  • Electrolysis
  • Electrolysis

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Fluid and Electrolytes-Nursing Exam
Questions and Answers 100% Pass


Hypervolemia-Isotonic - ✔✔Fluid Excess-equal amounts of electrolytes and water;

Treatment-decrease water and electrolytes; Interventions-assess for edema and breathe

sounds, monitor I&O, administer diuretics, restrict fluid intake and dietary Na as

ordered, monitor electrolyte values (do this for all)


Hypervolemia-Hypertonic - ✔✔Is a extracellular fluid volume deficit; more electrolytes

then water in body fluid; caused by excessive Na intake so fluid is drawn into

intracellular compartment (inside the cell); S&S-moist crackles, altered LOC, bounding

pulse, increased BP, distended neck and hand veins, increased venous press; Treatment-

decrease sodium intake, give diuretic that is non electrolyte sparing


Hypervolemia-Hypotonic - ✔✔more electrolytes in cells then outside the cell; caused by

water intoxication and an electrolyte imbalance occurss due to dilution; Treatment-give

an electrolyte sparing diuretic


Hypovolemia-isotonic - ✔✔equal amount of water and electrolyte loss; fluid intake is

less than what is needed to meet bodily needs and is caused by too little intake or too



100% Pass Guarantee Emilly Charllote, All Rights Reserved © 2025 1

, great loss of fluid; S&S-decreased circulating blood volume leads to inadequate tissue

perfusion; Treatment- ringers lactate, 0.9% saline or 5% dextrose in water;

Interventions-oral hydration is the preferred way, if severe enough IV fluid is required.

Assess for electrolyte imbalances, hypertension, pulmonary edema, monitor I&O

closely


Hypovolemia-Hypertonic - ✔✔greater water loss than solute loss; S&S-fair skin turgor,

cold, thick, doughy skin, decreased BP, HR is tachycardic, dizziness, urine output is

decreased, dry mucous membranes, confusion, weak pulse; Treatment-10%dextrose in

water, 5% destrose in 0.9% saline, 5% dextrose in lactate ringers


Hypovolemia-hypotonic - ✔✔more solute is lost than water; S&S-poor skin turgor, cold

clammy skin, dry mucous membranes, rapid pulse, very low BP, lethargy, coma;

Treatment-0.45% saline


Sodium - ✔✔135-145 mEq/L; Skeletal muscle and cardio contraction; nerve impulse

transmission; influences water balance


Hypernatremia - ✔✔from too musch saline IV usually; S&S-decreased attention span,

seizures, confusion, skeletal twitching; blood will have Na over 145 mEq/L; Treatment-

decrease Na intake, increase fluid to dilute Na, give lasix or other loop diuretics;

Interventions-watch K levels they might increase due to decrease of Na, decrease

processed foods or ones high in Na, monitor for dehydration




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