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BIO 345 Exam 4 Questions and Answers 100% Pass Class mammalia - evolved 300 million years from mammal like reptiles extanct mammals = synapsides early where small, noctrnal, and aboreal 3 living ground - montremes, metatherians, eutherians monotremes - double rooted post canine teeth metathe...

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  • March 10, 2025
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  • 2024/2025
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  • BIO 345
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KatelynWhitman
BIO 345 Exam 4 Questions and
Answers 100% Pass


Class mammalia - ✔✔evolved 300 million years from mammal like reptiles


extanct mammals = synapsides


early where small, noctrnal, and aboreal


3 living ground - ✔✔montremes, metatherians, eutherians


monotremes - ✔✔double rooted post canine teeth


metatherians - ✔✔trubosphenic molars - better for chewing food


eutherians - ✔✔placental births


mammal defining features - ✔✔1. dentary.squamosal jaw joint


2.3 middle ear bones


3. secondary palate


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,4. thoracic ribs only


5. limbs directly underneath body


6. diaphram


7. zygomatic arch-well developed


key features of living mammals - ✔✔1. skin glands


2. hair


3. endothermy


4. heterodont dentition


5. chewing musculature


skin glands - ✔✔mammary, eccrine, sebaceous, and apocrine


mammary glands - ✔✔define mammals, produce milk


share features with apocrine and sebaceous


early use to keep eggs moist and immune defense


eccrine glands - ✔✔human sweat, cat paws, and prehensile tails




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,-secreate watery substance for cooling or to increase tactile/traction


sebaceous gland - ✔✔all over, waterproofing, protect fur, or territory

marking


-sebum (oily)


- mixed with urine or pure: bacteria tells mating status, health and identity


apocrine gland - ✔✔secreation used for chemical communication


- special areas: armpit, anal gland, cheeks of cats


-ungulate use for sweating


if smells good to you, have different MCH - increase offsprings immune

system


hair - ✔✔dead epidermal cells strengthen by keratin


- coat of hair for insulation


-guard hairs provide protection/coloration, while under provides

insulation


-whales/elephants have little hair - dolphins right after birth



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, - can aid in camouflage - change color depending on season


horns


-keratin sheath over them, rhinos is just keratin


endothermy - ✔✔constant high body temp fueled by food


- enable nocturnal activity


heterodont dentition - ✔✔incisors, canines, premolars, molars


specialized for different tasks


incisors - ✔✔2-5, gnaw or grab food


rodents have evergrowing - enamel front, dentin back - sharp edge


pre-molars - ✔✔2-4, chew food


carnassial - ✔✔in carnivores, last PM and first M shear/slice meat


canines - ✔✔0-1, kill or pierce prey


molars - ✔✔often 3 - chew food


when look like PM called cheek teeth



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