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Immuno Past Exam Questions with Verified Solutions
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Immuno Past Exam Questions with Verified Solutions
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Immuno Past Exam Questions withVerified Solutions
On the heavy-chain locus, V rearranges to D first, and then J joins the combined VD
sequence.
A. True
B. False - ANSWER-B. False
Innate immunity involves cells bearing receptors that are highly specific for particular
pathogen strains.
A. True
B. False - ANSWER-B. False
Complement components are present in blood, lymph, and extracellular fluids, and
activated by a cascade of enzymatic reactions.
A. True
B. False - ANSWER-A. True
During human development, hematopoiesis takes place at different anatomical
locations.
A. True
B. False - ANSWER-A. True
B-cell antigen receptors are both membrane-bound and secreted.
A. True
B. False - ANSWER-B. False
Microbiota refers to pathogenic bacteria that invade during infection.
A. True
B. False - ANSWER-B. False
Neutrophils move between blood endothelial cells via diapedesis.
A. True
B. False - ANSWER-A. True
,NK cells are able to secrete cytotoxic enzymes and proteins, thus killing multiple
infected cells from a distance.
A. True
B. False - ANSWER-B. False
All of the following are correct in reference to type I interferons EXCEPT
A. in the presence of type I interferons, virus-infected cells undergo cell-surface
changes that render them more susceptible to attack by NK cells.
B. not only can most cells synthesize type I interferons, but they can also respond to
them.
C. type I interferons inhibit the replication of viruses.
D. type I interferons promote NK-cell proliferation and differentiation into cytotoxic cells.
E. the receptor for type I interferons is abundant in the cytosol and absent on the cell
surface. - ANSWER-E. the receptor for type I interferons is abundant in the cytosol and
absent on the cell surface.
The heavy-chain isotypes of human immunoglobulin include
A. α, γ, δ, κ, and μ.
B. α, γ, δ, ε, and μ.
C. α, β, γ, δ, and ε.
D. α, γ, δ, λ and κ.
E. α, β, γ, δ and λ. - ANSWER-B. α, γ, δ, ε, and μ.
An epitope
A. is part of variable region of an antibody.
B. is part of the framework region of the antibody.
C. must be a contiguous sequence of amino acids.
D. is recognized by the complementary-determining region of an antibody.
E. is recognized by the Fc region of an antibody. - ANSWER-D. is recognized by the
complementary-determining region of an antibody.
Spherical region in lymph nodes containing areas that are packed densely with
proliferating B cells are called
A. red pulp zones.
B. efferent vessels.
C. germinal centers.
D. medullary sinuses.
E. Payer's patches. - ANSWER-C. germinal centers.
, The mutational mechanism that results in the production of antibodies that bind antigen
with higher affinity is called
A. clonal selection.
B. isotype switching.
C. antigen processing.
D. somatic recombination.
E. somatic hypermutation. - ANSWER-E. somatic hypermutation.
On the heavy-chain immunoglobulin gene locus, recombination signal sequences flank
_______ of the V segment, ___________ of the D segment, and ________ of the J
segment.
A. both sides; both sides; both sides
B. the 5' side; the 5' side; the 5' side
C. the 5' side; both sides; the 3' side
D. the 3' side; both sides; the 3' side
E. the 3' side; both sides; the 5' side - ANSWER-E. the 3' side; both sides; the 5' side
Which of the following enzymes facilitates the process of affinity maturation?
A. terminal deoxynucelotidyl transferase
B. activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID)
C. V(D)J recombinase
D. exonuclease
E. DNA ligase - ANSWER-B. activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID)
With which of the following complement proteins does C-reactive protein interact?
A. C3
B. C4
C. C2
D. C1
E. C5 - ANSWER-D. C1
Vaccination is best described as prevention of a severe disease by
A. prophylactic treatment with antibiotics.
B. the deliberate introduction of a virulent strain of an infectious agent.
C. stimulating effective innate immune responses.
D. using effective public-health isolation regimens such as quarantine.
E. prior exposure to an infectious agent in a related, but weakened form. - ANSWER-E.
prior exposure to an infectious agent in a related, but weakened form.
Select the CORRECT response concerning the three lines of immune defense.
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