NBHWC EXAM PREP- SECTION 3 CONTENT
OUTLINED QUIZZES WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+
Well- being (Healthy People 2020) ANSWER : - - assesses the positive aspects of a person's life, such as
positive emotions and life satisfaction.
- relative state where one maximizes his or her physical, mental, and social functioning in the context of
supportive environments to live a full, satisfying, and productive life
- focuses on disease resistance, resilience, and self-management
Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) ANSWER : - - healthy people 2020
- multi-dimensional concept that includes domains related to physical, mental, emotional, and social
functioning
- focuses on the impact health status has on quality of life.
Healthy People 2020 Approach to Health-Related Quality of Life & Well-Being ANSWER : - 3
complementary and related domains:
1) Self-rated physical and mental health
2) Overall well-being
3) Participation in society
Ways to measure and track HRQOL (Healthy People 2020) ANSWER : - - Patient-Reported Outcomes
Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Global Health
- Behavioral Risk Factors Surveillance System (BRFSS)
- National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES)
- National Health Interview Survey (NHIS)
Measure:
- PROMIS item banks include more than 1,000 self-report questions covering multiple HRQOL domains
- 10-item global HRQOL scale was developed to assess selected physical and mental health symptoms,
- fatigue, pain, emotional distress, and social activities
,- ask about a person's experience "in general" and assess self-reported symptoms within the last 7 days
Influences of Well-being (Healthy People 2020) ANSWER : - - influences = Personal factors, social
circumstances, and community environments
- Outcomes of higher well-being =
1) very healthy and full of energy
2) satisfied, interested, and engaged
3) experience a sense of accomplishment from their activities and judge their lives to be meaningful
4) more often content or cheerful than depressed or anxious.
5) get along with others and experience good social relationships
Measuring well-being (Healthy People 2020) ANSWER : - 1) Physical well-being= relates to vigor and
vitality, feeling very healthy and full of energy.
2) Mental well-being= includes being satisfied with one's life; balancing positive and negative emotions;
accepting one's self; finding purpose and meaning in one's life; seeking personal growth, autonomy, and
competence; believing one's life and circumstances are under one's control; and generally experiencing
optimism.
3) Social well-being = providing and receiving quality support from family, friends, and others.
Participation as a measure of HRQOL and well-being ANSWER : - - quality of life is not directly equated
to health or functional status but reflects, rather, the level of community integration or involvement,
which is based on a person's level of participation, taking into account their health or functional status
and the environment.
- a person with a functional limitation — for example, vision loss, mobility difficulty, or intellectual
disability, CAN live a long and productive life and enjoy a good quality of life.
- can be assessed through a determination of the degree to which people experience barriers to full
participation because of their current health state and the environment.
- What is measured: education, employment, and civic, social, and leisure activities, as well as family role
participation.
,Why is well-being useful for public health? (CDC) ANSWER : - - more holistic (mental and physical)
- measures beyond morbidity, mortality, and economic status
- comes from the person's own perspective
- becoming easier and more accurate to study
- associated with: Self-perceived health, Longevity, Healthy behaviors, Mental and physical illness, Social
connectedness, Productivity, Factors in the physical and social environment
- can help policy makers shape and compare the effects of different policies
- useful for multiple stakeholders involved in disease prevention and health promotion
Heritable vs. environmental factors in well-being (CDC) ANSWER : - Although a substantial proportion
of the variance in well-being can be attributed to heritable factors, environmental factors play an
equally if not more important role.
Health Promotion (CDC) ANSWER : - the process of enabling people to increase control over, and to
improve their health
Resources for Health- fundamental to well-being and the role of health promotion (CDC) ANSWER : -
Environmental and social resources for health = peace, economic security, a stable ecosystem, and safe
housing.
Individual resources for health = physical activity, healthful diet, social ties, resiliency, positive emotions,
and autonomy
* Health promotion activities aimed at strengthening such resources may ultimately improve well-being
Well-being (CDC) ANSWER : - at minimum, well-being = the presence of positive emotions and moods
(e.g., contentment, happiness), the absence of negative emotions (e.g., depression, anxiety), satisfaction
with life, fulfillment and positive functioning
For public health purposes, physical well-being (e.g., feeling very healthy and full of energy) is also
viewed as critical to overall well-being
, Aspects of well-being (CDC) ANSWER : - Physical well-being.
Economic well-being.
Social well-being.
Development and activity.
Emotional well-being.
Psychological well-being.
Life satisfaction.
Domain specific satisfaction.
Engaging activities and work.
Instruments to measure well-being (CDC) ANSWER : - can be psychometrically-based = based on the
relationship between, and strength among, multiple items that are intended to measure one or more
domains of well-being
OR
utility-based = based on an individual or group's preference for a particular state, and are typically
anchored between 0 (death) to 1 (optimum health)
OR
Single items = (e.g., global life satisfaction)
Ex: Peer reports, observational methods, physiological methods, experience sampling methods,
ecological momentary assessment
Percentage of US adults dissatisfied/ very dissatisfied with their lives (as per data from the 2005
Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System) ANSWER : - 5.6% of US adults (about 12 million)
Correlates and determinants of individual-level well-being? (CDC) ANSWER : - - dependent upon
1) good health
OUTLINED QUIZZES WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+
Well- being (Healthy People 2020) ANSWER : - - assesses the positive aspects of a person's life, such as
positive emotions and life satisfaction.
- relative state where one maximizes his or her physical, mental, and social functioning in the context of
supportive environments to live a full, satisfying, and productive life
- focuses on disease resistance, resilience, and self-management
Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) ANSWER : - - healthy people 2020
- multi-dimensional concept that includes domains related to physical, mental, emotional, and social
functioning
- focuses on the impact health status has on quality of life.
Healthy People 2020 Approach to Health-Related Quality of Life & Well-Being ANSWER : - 3
complementary and related domains:
1) Self-rated physical and mental health
2) Overall well-being
3) Participation in society
Ways to measure and track HRQOL (Healthy People 2020) ANSWER : - - Patient-Reported Outcomes
Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Global Health
- Behavioral Risk Factors Surveillance System (BRFSS)
- National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES)
- National Health Interview Survey (NHIS)
Measure:
- PROMIS item banks include more than 1,000 self-report questions covering multiple HRQOL domains
- 10-item global HRQOL scale was developed to assess selected physical and mental health symptoms,
- fatigue, pain, emotional distress, and social activities
,- ask about a person's experience "in general" and assess self-reported symptoms within the last 7 days
Influences of Well-being (Healthy People 2020) ANSWER : - - influences = Personal factors, social
circumstances, and community environments
- Outcomes of higher well-being =
1) very healthy and full of energy
2) satisfied, interested, and engaged
3) experience a sense of accomplishment from their activities and judge their lives to be meaningful
4) more often content or cheerful than depressed or anxious.
5) get along with others and experience good social relationships
Measuring well-being (Healthy People 2020) ANSWER : - 1) Physical well-being= relates to vigor and
vitality, feeling very healthy and full of energy.
2) Mental well-being= includes being satisfied with one's life; balancing positive and negative emotions;
accepting one's self; finding purpose and meaning in one's life; seeking personal growth, autonomy, and
competence; believing one's life and circumstances are under one's control; and generally experiencing
optimism.
3) Social well-being = providing and receiving quality support from family, friends, and others.
Participation as a measure of HRQOL and well-being ANSWER : - - quality of life is not directly equated
to health or functional status but reflects, rather, the level of community integration or involvement,
which is based on a person's level of participation, taking into account their health or functional status
and the environment.
- a person with a functional limitation — for example, vision loss, mobility difficulty, or intellectual
disability, CAN live a long and productive life and enjoy a good quality of life.
- can be assessed through a determination of the degree to which people experience barriers to full
participation because of their current health state and the environment.
- What is measured: education, employment, and civic, social, and leisure activities, as well as family role
participation.
,Why is well-being useful for public health? (CDC) ANSWER : - - more holistic (mental and physical)
- measures beyond morbidity, mortality, and economic status
- comes from the person's own perspective
- becoming easier and more accurate to study
- associated with: Self-perceived health, Longevity, Healthy behaviors, Mental and physical illness, Social
connectedness, Productivity, Factors in the physical and social environment
- can help policy makers shape and compare the effects of different policies
- useful for multiple stakeholders involved in disease prevention and health promotion
Heritable vs. environmental factors in well-being (CDC) ANSWER : - Although a substantial proportion
of the variance in well-being can be attributed to heritable factors, environmental factors play an
equally if not more important role.
Health Promotion (CDC) ANSWER : - the process of enabling people to increase control over, and to
improve their health
Resources for Health- fundamental to well-being and the role of health promotion (CDC) ANSWER : -
Environmental and social resources for health = peace, economic security, a stable ecosystem, and safe
housing.
Individual resources for health = physical activity, healthful diet, social ties, resiliency, positive emotions,
and autonomy
* Health promotion activities aimed at strengthening such resources may ultimately improve well-being
Well-being (CDC) ANSWER : - at minimum, well-being = the presence of positive emotions and moods
(e.g., contentment, happiness), the absence of negative emotions (e.g., depression, anxiety), satisfaction
with life, fulfillment and positive functioning
For public health purposes, physical well-being (e.g., feeling very healthy and full of energy) is also
viewed as critical to overall well-being
, Aspects of well-being (CDC) ANSWER : - Physical well-being.
Economic well-being.
Social well-being.
Development and activity.
Emotional well-being.
Psychological well-being.
Life satisfaction.
Domain specific satisfaction.
Engaging activities and work.
Instruments to measure well-being (CDC) ANSWER : - can be psychometrically-based = based on the
relationship between, and strength among, multiple items that are intended to measure one or more
domains of well-being
OR
utility-based = based on an individual or group's preference for a particular state, and are typically
anchored between 0 (death) to 1 (optimum health)
OR
Single items = (e.g., global life satisfaction)
Ex: Peer reports, observational methods, physiological methods, experience sampling methods,
ecological momentary assessment
Percentage of US adults dissatisfied/ very dissatisfied with their lives (as per data from the 2005
Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System) ANSWER : - 5.6% of US adults (about 12 million)
Correlates and determinants of individual-level well-being? (CDC) ANSWER : - - dependent upon
1) good health
