KINS 3750 Final Exam Questions and Answers Latest Update 2025-2026
What is the definition of learning and what do the terms mean? - Answers A process that results in a
relatively consistent change in behavior and is based on experience
Internal Process: Inferred
Consistent: Seen over different conditions
Experience: Occurs only with practice
What are the 5 issues while preparing for the learning experience? - Answers 1. Goal setting
2. Motivation
3. Past experience
4. Stages of learning
5. Assessing progress
What is a goal? - Answers A goal is a desired result an individual envisions, plans, and commits to
achieve.
It is roughly similar to purpose or aim, the anticipated result which guides reaction, that has intrinsic
value.
Based on research findings, what should goals include? - Answers Encourage improvement
Achievable
Based on prior performances
Should be Measurable
What is the main issue in goal setting? - Answers Teacher's goals vs. Learner's goal
3 Types of Goals - Answers 1. Outcome goals
- comparison with others
- I want to win
2. Performance Goals
- focus on personal best
,- I want to beat my last time
3. Process goals
- emphasizing elements of skill
- Making each swim stroke precise
These are not mutually exclusive (meaning they could overlap)
What are target skills? - Answers Skills a person wishes to be able to perform
What are target behaviors? - Answers Actions needed to be produced to perform the target skill
What is target context? - Answers Where are the skills to be performed?
What must the novice do to obtain target skills? - Answers Task Analysis :
Target behaviors - which muscles, which sequence, what timing - Motor Program
Story board (pictorial) - Pictures of how to perform a skill to show person how you want them to move
Written description - Explains how a certain skill should be attained
Description of movements
What is a motive? - Answers A psychological state or
physiological disposition that energizes behavior. "Drive, want, desire..."
What is need? - Answers The object of a motive
What is the source of the drive? - Answers 1. Extrinsic reward
2. Intrinsic reward
What is extrinsic reward? - Answers The source of one's motives originate from the environment
Extrinsic goal directed motive - a future thing you need --> behavioral actions --> a thing you do not have
, EX: MVP award
What is intrinsic reward? - Answers The source of one's motives originate from within the person
Drive is Internal
Intrinsic goal directed motive - a future condition or state a "feeling" you need --> behavioral actions -->
a feeling you do not have
EX: I feel good about winning an MVP award
Intrinsic Feelings - Answers Subjective experience
" i live to play this game"
" i do this because it feels good"
Positive psychology
FOCUS ON: "UNIQUENESS" OF EXPERIENCES
IRRATIONAL THOUGHTS/ACTIONS
Flow Model: Experiential - Answers As skill level increases, you want demands to increase as well so
there is positive enjoyment - flow
If demand is too low - boredom, apathy
If demand is too high - worry, anxiety
What is motivation? - Answers Direction and intensity of effort
Sourced from external reward, internal reward, or internal feelings
What is a natural athlete? - Answers Often said when one picks up a skill quickly
However, you must consider issues of transfer and generalization
What is transfer? - Answers Influence of prior experience on a new learning task
- learn to drive stick-shift on small car then learn to drive a concrete truck
What is the definition of learning and what do the terms mean? - Answers A process that results in a
relatively consistent change in behavior and is based on experience
Internal Process: Inferred
Consistent: Seen over different conditions
Experience: Occurs only with practice
What are the 5 issues while preparing for the learning experience? - Answers 1. Goal setting
2. Motivation
3. Past experience
4. Stages of learning
5. Assessing progress
What is a goal? - Answers A goal is a desired result an individual envisions, plans, and commits to
achieve.
It is roughly similar to purpose or aim, the anticipated result which guides reaction, that has intrinsic
value.
Based on research findings, what should goals include? - Answers Encourage improvement
Achievable
Based on prior performances
Should be Measurable
What is the main issue in goal setting? - Answers Teacher's goals vs. Learner's goal
3 Types of Goals - Answers 1. Outcome goals
- comparison with others
- I want to win
2. Performance Goals
- focus on personal best
,- I want to beat my last time
3. Process goals
- emphasizing elements of skill
- Making each swim stroke precise
These are not mutually exclusive (meaning they could overlap)
What are target skills? - Answers Skills a person wishes to be able to perform
What are target behaviors? - Answers Actions needed to be produced to perform the target skill
What is target context? - Answers Where are the skills to be performed?
What must the novice do to obtain target skills? - Answers Task Analysis :
Target behaviors - which muscles, which sequence, what timing - Motor Program
Story board (pictorial) - Pictures of how to perform a skill to show person how you want them to move
Written description - Explains how a certain skill should be attained
Description of movements
What is a motive? - Answers A psychological state or
physiological disposition that energizes behavior. "Drive, want, desire..."
What is need? - Answers The object of a motive
What is the source of the drive? - Answers 1. Extrinsic reward
2. Intrinsic reward
What is extrinsic reward? - Answers The source of one's motives originate from the environment
Extrinsic goal directed motive - a future thing you need --> behavioral actions --> a thing you do not have
, EX: MVP award
What is intrinsic reward? - Answers The source of one's motives originate from within the person
Drive is Internal
Intrinsic goal directed motive - a future condition or state a "feeling" you need --> behavioral actions -->
a feeling you do not have
EX: I feel good about winning an MVP award
Intrinsic Feelings - Answers Subjective experience
" i live to play this game"
" i do this because it feels good"
Positive psychology
FOCUS ON: "UNIQUENESS" OF EXPERIENCES
IRRATIONAL THOUGHTS/ACTIONS
Flow Model: Experiential - Answers As skill level increases, you want demands to increase as well so
there is positive enjoyment - flow
If demand is too low - boredom, apathy
If demand is too high - worry, anxiety
What is motivation? - Answers Direction and intensity of effort
Sourced from external reward, internal reward, or internal feelings
What is a natural athlete? - Answers Often said when one picks up a skill quickly
However, you must consider issues of transfer and generalization
What is transfer? - Answers Influence of prior experience on a new learning task
- learn to drive stick-shift on small car then learn to drive a concrete truck
