NU 300 EXAM 4 ACTUAL TEST QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED VERIFIED ANSWERS / ALREADY GRADED A+
What is asthma? - correct answer reversible air flow disease
What induces bronchospasms in asthma? - correct answer vPollutants
vRespiratory viruses
vAspirin and other NSAIDs
vGERD - esp with S&S at night
What are some considerations for older adults with asthma? - correct answer Beta adrenergic
receptors which are responsible for smooth muscle relaxation and bronchodilation become less
sensitive so airways are not as capable of relaxing as in younger individuals. Therefore
preventing flare ups is crucial.
What do you assess in a patient with asthma? - correct answer vDetermine patterns with the
symptoms
vDyspnea or SOB
vChest tightness
vCoughing
vWheezing-loudest on exhalation initially
v↑ mucus production
v?associated with rash, itching, or rhinitis
vAccessory muscle use
vBarrel chest
vAspirin/NSAIDS
vGERD
vCold within 1-2 months
vABGs may =↓CO2 initially then ↑CO2
vHallmark diagnostic is pulmonary function tests
What is the nursing dx in regards to asthma? - correct answer vIneffective airway clearance
vImpaired gas exchange
vAnxiety
What is the goal for a patient with asthma? - correct answer vWith the goal of preventing and
controlling episodes, improving airflow and relieving symptoms, asthma is best managed when
,NU 300 EXAM 4 ACTUAL TEST QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED VERIFIED ANSWERS / ALREADY GRADED A+
the client is an active participant in planning care which most often includes lifestyle changes
and drug therapy. Lots of patient education.*
What actions and interventions do you take for a patient with asthma? - correct answer vTeach
how to manage control and relief meds*
vTeach patient to measure symptom severity twice a day using a peak flow meter and to adjust
meds based on the individual action plan*
vTeach patient to keep a diary of S&S and treatments*
vTeach value of aerobic exercise, the need for meds before exercising, need to modify the
environment*
vMaintain O2 therapy during an attack - Heliox may be needed.
How do you use a peak flowmeter? - correct answer • Set the peak flowmeter at zero.
• Use a standing position, without leaning or supporting yourself on anything, if possible.
• Take as deep a breath as you can.
• Place the mouthpiece of the meter in your mouth, taking care to wrap your lips tightly around
it.
• Blow your breath out through the mouthpiece as hard and as fast as you are able. (If you
cough, sneeze, or have any type of interruption while you exhale, reset the meter and perform
the test again.)
• Reset and perform the test two additional times.
• Use the highest reading of the three to determine your current peak flow rate.
• Keep a record or graph of your peak flow rates and examine these for trends.
What do you teach a patient and their family about managing asthma? - correct answer • Avoid
potential environmental asthma triggers, such as smoke, fireplaces, dust, mold, and weather
changes (especially warm to cold or sudden barometric changes).
• Avoid medications that are triggers for your asthma (e.g., aspirin, NSAIDs, beta blockers).
• Avoid food that has been prepared with monosodium glutamate (MSG) or metabisulfite.
• If you experience symptoms of exercise-induced asthma, use your bronchodilator inhaler 30
minutes before exercise to prevent or reduce bronchospasm.
• Be sure you know the proper technique and correct sequence when you use metered dose
inhalers.
• Get adequate rest and sleep.
,NU 300 EXAM 4 ACTUAL TEST QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED VERIFIED ANSWERS / ALREADY GRADED A+
• Reduce stress and anxiety; learn relaxation techniques; adopt coping mechanisms that have
worked for you in the past.
• Wash all bedding with hot water to destroy dust mites.
• Monitor your peak expiratory flow rates with a flowmeter at least twice daily.
• Seek immediate emergency care if you experience any of these:
• Gray or blue fingertips or lips
• Difficulty breathing, walking, or talking
• Retractions of the neck, chest, or ribs
• Nasal flaring
• Failure of drugs to control worsening symptoms
• Peak expiratory rate flow declining steadily after treatment, or a flow rate 50% below your
usual flow rate
What drugs are used to treat asthma? - correct answer bronchodilators (short acting beta
agonists)
long acting beta agonists
cholinergic antagonist
anti inflammatories
corticosteroids
cromone
leukotrienes
How should you use an inhaler with a spacer? - correct answer 1 Before each use, remove the
caps from the inhaler and the spacer.
, NU 300 EXAM 4 ACTUAL TEST QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED VERIFIED ANSWERS / ALREADY GRADED A+
2 Insert the mouthpiece of the inhaler into the non-mouthpiece end of the spacer.
3 Shake the whole unit vigorously three or four times.
4 Place the mouthpiece into your mouth, over your tongue, and seal your lips tightly around it.
5 Press down firmly on the canister of the inhaler to release one dose of medication into the
spacer.
6 Breathe in slowly and deeply. If the spacer makes a whistling sound, you are breathing in too
rapidly.
7 Remove the mouthpiece from your mouth, and, keeping your lips closed, hold your breath for
at least 10 seconds and then breathe out slowly.
8 Wait at least 1 minute between puffs.
9 Replace the caps on the inhaler and the spacer.
10 At least once a day, clean the plastic case and cap of the inhaler by thoroughly rinsing in
warm, running tap water; at least once a week, clean the spacer in the same manner.
How do you use an inhaler without a spacer? - correct answer 1 Before each use, remove the
cap and shake the inhaler according to the instructions in the package insert.
2 Tilt your head back slightly, and breathe out fully.
3 Open your mouth, and place the mouthpiece 1 to 2 inches away.
4 As you begin to breathe in deeply through your mouth, press down firmly on the canister of
the inhaler to release one dose of medication.
5 Continue to breathe in slowly and deeply (usually over 3-5 sec).
6 Hold your breath for at least 10 seconds to allow the medication to reach deep into the lungs,
and then breathe out slowly.
7 Wait at least 1 minute between puffs.
8 Replace the cap on the inhaler.
9 At least once a day, remove the canister and clean the plastic case and cap of the inhaler by
thoroughly rinsing in warm, running tap water.
How do you load an inhaler? - correct answer • First load the drug by:
•Turning the device to the next dose of drug, or
•Inserting the capsule into the device, or
•Inserting the disk or compartment into the device
What is asthma? - correct answer reversible air flow disease
What induces bronchospasms in asthma? - correct answer vPollutants
vRespiratory viruses
vAspirin and other NSAIDs
vGERD - esp with S&S at night
What are some considerations for older adults with asthma? - correct answer Beta adrenergic
receptors which are responsible for smooth muscle relaxation and bronchodilation become less
sensitive so airways are not as capable of relaxing as in younger individuals. Therefore
preventing flare ups is crucial.
What do you assess in a patient with asthma? - correct answer vDetermine patterns with the
symptoms
vDyspnea or SOB
vChest tightness
vCoughing
vWheezing-loudest on exhalation initially
v↑ mucus production
v?associated with rash, itching, or rhinitis
vAccessory muscle use
vBarrel chest
vAspirin/NSAIDS
vGERD
vCold within 1-2 months
vABGs may =↓CO2 initially then ↑CO2
vHallmark diagnostic is pulmonary function tests
What is the nursing dx in regards to asthma? - correct answer vIneffective airway clearance
vImpaired gas exchange
vAnxiety
What is the goal for a patient with asthma? - correct answer vWith the goal of preventing and
controlling episodes, improving airflow and relieving symptoms, asthma is best managed when
,NU 300 EXAM 4 ACTUAL TEST QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED VERIFIED ANSWERS / ALREADY GRADED A+
the client is an active participant in planning care which most often includes lifestyle changes
and drug therapy. Lots of patient education.*
What actions and interventions do you take for a patient with asthma? - correct answer vTeach
how to manage control and relief meds*
vTeach patient to measure symptom severity twice a day using a peak flow meter and to adjust
meds based on the individual action plan*
vTeach patient to keep a diary of S&S and treatments*
vTeach value of aerobic exercise, the need for meds before exercising, need to modify the
environment*
vMaintain O2 therapy during an attack - Heliox may be needed.
How do you use a peak flowmeter? - correct answer • Set the peak flowmeter at zero.
• Use a standing position, without leaning or supporting yourself on anything, if possible.
• Take as deep a breath as you can.
• Place the mouthpiece of the meter in your mouth, taking care to wrap your lips tightly around
it.
• Blow your breath out through the mouthpiece as hard and as fast as you are able. (If you
cough, sneeze, or have any type of interruption while you exhale, reset the meter and perform
the test again.)
• Reset and perform the test two additional times.
• Use the highest reading of the three to determine your current peak flow rate.
• Keep a record or graph of your peak flow rates and examine these for trends.
What do you teach a patient and their family about managing asthma? - correct answer • Avoid
potential environmental asthma triggers, such as smoke, fireplaces, dust, mold, and weather
changes (especially warm to cold or sudden barometric changes).
• Avoid medications that are triggers for your asthma (e.g., aspirin, NSAIDs, beta blockers).
• Avoid food that has been prepared with monosodium glutamate (MSG) or metabisulfite.
• If you experience symptoms of exercise-induced asthma, use your bronchodilator inhaler 30
minutes before exercise to prevent or reduce bronchospasm.
• Be sure you know the proper technique and correct sequence when you use metered dose
inhalers.
• Get adequate rest and sleep.
,NU 300 EXAM 4 ACTUAL TEST QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED VERIFIED ANSWERS / ALREADY GRADED A+
• Reduce stress and anxiety; learn relaxation techniques; adopt coping mechanisms that have
worked for you in the past.
• Wash all bedding with hot water to destroy dust mites.
• Monitor your peak expiratory flow rates with a flowmeter at least twice daily.
• Seek immediate emergency care if you experience any of these:
• Gray or blue fingertips or lips
• Difficulty breathing, walking, or talking
• Retractions of the neck, chest, or ribs
• Nasal flaring
• Failure of drugs to control worsening symptoms
• Peak expiratory rate flow declining steadily after treatment, or a flow rate 50% below your
usual flow rate
What drugs are used to treat asthma? - correct answer bronchodilators (short acting beta
agonists)
long acting beta agonists
cholinergic antagonist
anti inflammatories
corticosteroids
cromone
leukotrienes
How should you use an inhaler with a spacer? - correct answer 1 Before each use, remove the
caps from the inhaler and the spacer.
, NU 300 EXAM 4 ACTUAL TEST QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED VERIFIED ANSWERS / ALREADY GRADED A+
2 Insert the mouthpiece of the inhaler into the non-mouthpiece end of the spacer.
3 Shake the whole unit vigorously three or four times.
4 Place the mouthpiece into your mouth, over your tongue, and seal your lips tightly around it.
5 Press down firmly on the canister of the inhaler to release one dose of medication into the
spacer.
6 Breathe in slowly and deeply. If the spacer makes a whistling sound, you are breathing in too
rapidly.
7 Remove the mouthpiece from your mouth, and, keeping your lips closed, hold your breath for
at least 10 seconds and then breathe out slowly.
8 Wait at least 1 minute between puffs.
9 Replace the caps on the inhaler and the spacer.
10 At least once a day, clean the plastic case and cap of the inhaler by thoroughly rinsing in
warm, running tap water; at least once a week, clean the spacer in the same manner.
How do you use an inhaler without a spacer? - correct answer 1 Before each use, remove the
cap and shake the inhaler according to the instructions in the package insert.
2 Tilt your head back slightly, and breathe out fully.
3 Open your mouth, and place the mouthpiece 1 to 2 inches away.
4 As you begin to breathe in deeply through your mouth, press down firmly on the canister of
the inhaler to release one dose of medication.
5 Continue to breathe in slowly and deeply (usually over 3-5 sec).
6 Hold your breath for at least 10 seconds to allow the medication to reach deep into the lungs,
and then breathe out slowly.
7 Wait at least 1 minute between puffs.
8 Replace the cap on the inhaler.
9 At least once a day, remove the canister and clean the plastic case and cap of the inhaler by
thoroughly rinsing in warm, running tap water.
How do you load an inhaler? - correct answer • First load the drug by:
•Turning the device to the next dose of drug, or
•Inserting the capsule into the device, or
•Inserting the disk or compartment into the device
