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Developmental Stages of Spelling - Answers -✔✔ Precommunicative Stage
Semiphonetic Stage
Phonetic Stage
Transitional Stage
Correct Stage
Developmental Stages of Spelling: Precommunicative Stage - Answers -✔✔ The child
uses letters from the alphabet but shows no knowledge of letter sound
correspondences. the child may also lack knowledge of the entire alphabet, the
distinction between upper and lower case letters, and the left to right direction of the
English orthography.
Developmental Stages of Spelling: Semiphonetic Stage - Answers -✔✔ The child
begins to understand letter sound correspondence-- that sounds are assigned to letters.
At this stage, the child often employs rudimentary logic, using single letters, for
example, to represent words, sounds and syllables. (U for you)
Developmental Stages of Spelling: Phonetic Stage - Answers -✔✔ Children use a letter
or group of letters to represent every speech sound that they hear in a word. Although
some of their choices do not conform to conventional English spelling, their attempts to
spell words are systematic and easily understood (the letters tak for take and en for in)
Developmental Stages of Spelling: Transitional Stage - Answers -✔✔ The speller
begins to assimilate the conventional alternative for representing sounds, moving from a
dependence only or mainly on phonology (sound) for representing words, to evidencing
a greater understanding of common letter patterns words and the structure of words.
Some examples of misspelling typical of this stage are egul for eagle, and higheked for
hiked.
Developmental Stages of Spelling: Correct Stage - Answers -✔✔ At this stage, spellers
know common letter sound relationships and generalizations (rules) for spelling, as well
as how to use morphemic information in spelling. The student understands how to spell
many common prefixes and suffixes, silent consonants, alternative spellings, and
irregular spellings. A large number of learned words are accumulated, and the speller
recognizes incorrect forms.
,Brian writes "hom" for the word home. When considering the developmental stages of
spelling, Brian uses--- - Answers -✔✔ Phonetic Spelling
In phonetic spelling, students use their knowledge of letters and graphemes and in this
example, Brian has used a letter for every sound heard in home.
Suzie writes "spcl" for the word special. When considering the Developmental Stages of
Spelling, Suzie uses-- - Answers -✔✔ Semiphonetic Spelling
She uses some knowledge of letter sounds relationships but does not use vowels in this
example.
Which of the following are examples of informal assessments that prekindergarten
teachers can use?
-Progress monitoring measures
-diagnostic assessments
-ongoing observations
-systematic observations
-portfolios - Answers -✔✔ -ongoing observations
-systematic observations
-portfolios
-ongoing observations- teachers observe their students work and play in a variety of
settings.
-systematic observations- teachers choose specific children to observe for specific
purposes for a specific timeframe.
-portfolios- teachers collect and date authentic work samples over time. Portfolios
provide a powerful overview of a child's development and serve to guide instructional
decisions.
A recent study concludes which of the following regarding dyslexia and the size of the
population it affects in the US? (looking for a %) - Answers -✔✔ Dyslexia affects 15-
20% of the population in America.
Best methods for teaching Dyslexia (List) - Answers -✔✔ -Multisensory
-Structured, Systematic, Sequential, and Cumulative
-Flexible
-Personal and Direct
Best methods for teaching Dyslexia: Multisensory - Answers -✔✔ Involve regular
interaction between the teacher and the students and the simultaneous use of simple
senses including auditory, visual and kinesthetic. A dyslexic learner is taught to tee the
letter A, say its name and sound and write it in the air- all at the same time. The use of
multisensory input is thought to enhance memory storage and retrieval.
, Best methods for teaching Dyslexia: Structured, Systematic, Sequential and Cumulative
- Answers -✔✔ Language elements and rules are introduced in a linguistically logical,
understandable order. Students go back to the very beginning of their language
learning, to lay a proper foundation. Beginning by reading and writing sounds in
isolation (phonemes), then blending sounds into syllables and words. Elements of
language- consonants, vowels, digraph blends, and diphthongs are introduced in an
orderly fashion. Only later, learners proceed to advanced structural elements such as
syllable types, roots, prefixes and suffixes.
Best methods for teaching Dyslexia: Flexible - Answers -✔✔ Teachers ensure the
learner is not simply recognizing a patterns and applying it without understanding. When
confusion of a previously taught rule is discovered, it is re-taught from the beginning.
Best methods for teaching Dyslexia: Personal and Direct - Answers -✔✔ Building a
close teacher student relationship with continuous feedback and positive reinforcement
leading to success and self confidence.
Mrs. Swanson is attempting to help students select books that they can read on their
own. As part of this process, she must determine each student's independent reading
level.
In order to accomplish this task effectively, Mrs. Swanson should select books in which
students- - Answers -✔✔ Have 5 or less word recognition errors per 100 words of text.
A student is at the independent reading level when he or she can read successfully 95%
of the words. This is the level at which students can read on their own. Since Mrs.
Swanson is helping students select books they can read on their own, she needs to
determine they are at the independent reading level. It is very important when students
are going to be reading for fun that they read books that are on their independent
reading level. This level, along with the instructional and frustration levels, is usually
found by administering an informal reading inventory to the student.
What does an IRI mean? - Answers -✔✔ Informal Reading Inventory.
Frequently used to place readers in materials of appropriate difficulty. The purpose of
an IRI is to provide greater insight into a student's reading level. It does not provide a
specific diagnosis; rather, it provides the classroom teacher and understanding of a
child's abilities, which in turn may lead to more accurate instruction. There are
commercially available IRIs and teacher made IRIs. They are intended to assess a
child's reading behavior in the materials actually used in his or her classroom
instructional program.
What is an TPRI? - Answers -✔✔ Texas Primary Reading Inventory
What is DIBELS? - Answers -✔✔ The Dynamic Indicators of Basic Early Literacy Skills