DUE 23 JULY 2025
ASSIGNMENT 3
SOCIOLOGY OF EDUCATION
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,Question 1
1.1 In your own words, distinguish between the following concepts:
i). Citizenship, equal citizenship, and citizenship education (6)
ii). Minimalist and maximalist view of citizenship (4)
1.2 Explain the cosmopolitan view of citizenship. (3)
1.3 Compare and contrast ancient and modern citizenship. Discuss how,
if at all, either or both have influenced the concept of citizenship in
South Africa today. (6)
1.4 Explain how you would encourage learners in your classroom to
‘think globally and act locally’. Provide practical examples. (4)
1.5 Briefly explain how ‘citizenship’ has evolved in South Africa. (5)
1.6 Does South Africa follow the maximal or maximal conception of
citizenship? Support your position with practical examples.
1.1 Distinguishing Concepts
i) Citizenship, Equal Citizenship, and Citizenship Education (6 marks)
Citizenship refers to the legal status of being a member of a country,
with rights and responsibilities.
, Equal citizenship ensures that all citizens, regardless of background,
have the same legal rights and protections.
Citizenship education teaches individuals about their rights,
responsibilities, and roles in society to promote active participation.
ii) Minimalist and Maximalist View of Citizenship (4 marks)
Minimalist citizenship focuses only on legal status and basic rights, such
as voting and following laws.
Maximalist citizenship emphasizes active participation in social,
economic, and political life, such as community involvement and
advocacy.
1.2 Cosmopolitan View of Citizenship (3 marks)
The cosmopolitan view sees citizenship beyond national boundaries,
emphasizing global interconnectedness, human rights, and
responsibilities toward the global community. It promotes universal
values like environmental responsibility and social justice.
1.3 Ancient vs. Modern Citizenship & Influence on South Africa (6 marks)
Ancient citizenship (e.g., Greek and Roman) was exclusive, limited to
free men, and emphasized civic participation.
Modern citizenship includes broader rights (e.g., social, economic) and
democratic inclusion for all.
Influence on South Africa: Apartheid-era citizenship was exclusive (like
ancient times), but post-1994 democracy adopted a modern, inclusive
approach with equal rights.
1.4 Encouraging Learners to ‘Think Globally and Act Locally’ (4 marks)