Cardiopulmonary Physiology Exam 1
with Complete Solutions
Eupnea - ANS-Normal, spontaneous breathing
Apnea - ANS-Absence of breathing
Hypernea - ANS-Increased depth of breathing
Tachypnea - ANS-Increased respiratory rate
Kussmaul's Breathing - ANS-Increased respiratory rate and depth of breathing
Dyspnea - ANS-Difficulty breathing
Orthopnea - ANS-Patient is most comfortable breathing in upright position
Biot's Breathing - ANS-Short episodes of deep, rapid breaths followed by 10-30
seconds of apnea
Cheyne-Strokes Breathing - ANS-Rate and depth of breathing goes up and then down
followed by a period of apnea
Hyperventilation - ANS-Increased alveolar ventilation that causes a drop in CO2
Hypoventilation - ANS-Decreased alveolar ventilation that causes a rise in CO2
What is lung compliance? - ANS-How easily lung tissue stretches to accept a volume of
inspired air.
Compliant lung means? - ANS-Requires less pressure to expand
Noncompliant lung means? - ANS-Requires more pressure to expand
What is the lung compliance equation? - ANS-CL=TriangleV/TriangleP
What is the average lung compliance? - ANS-0.1L/cm H2O
If the pressure increases by 1 cm H2O, blank ml more air enters the lungs. - ANS-100
ml
, What happens to the lung compliance as the alveoli fill with air? - ANS-It progressively
decreases
What is the barometric (atmospheric) pressure? - ANS-760 mb
What is the barometric (atmospheric) pressure for O2? - ANS-159 mb
Barometric pressure is greater on? - ANS-Inspiration
Barometric pressure is lower on? - ANS-Exhalation
What point during the respiratory cycle is equilibrium reached? - ANS-The end of
inhalation and end of exhalation
What is the pressure gradient for O2? - ANS-100-40=60
What is the pressure gradient for Co2? - ANS-46-40=6
Why is the pressure gradient for Co2 lower than that of O2? - ANS-Because Co2 is
more water soluble
What do pressure gradients do? - ANS-Causes air to flow into and out of the lungs
How many bronchopulmonary segments are in the right upper lobe? - ANS-3
How many bronchopulmonary segments are in the right middle lobe? - ANS-2
How many bronchopulmonary segments are in the right lower lobe? - ANS-5
Who has more dead space? Short or tall people. - ANS-Tall people
Dead space ventilation is? - ANS-The portion of inspired air that does not reach the
alveoli per minute.
What is the anatomic dead space? - ANS-The volume of gas in the conducting airways
If the ideal body weight is 150lbs then the anatomic dead space will be? - ANS-150 ml
What is alveolar dead space? - ANS-Occurs when alveoli are ventilated, but not
perfused. No gas exchange occurs
What is physiologic dead space? - ANS-The total volume of dead space. Anatomic
dead space + alveolar dead space.
What are the two layers of the lung pleura? - ANS-Parietal and visceral layers
with Complete Solutions
Eupnea - ANS-Normal, spontaneous breathing
Apnea - ANS-Absence of breathing
Hypernea - ANS-Increased depth of breathing
Tachypnea - ANS-Increased respiratory rate
Kussmaul's Breathing - ANS-Increased respiratory rate and depth of breathing
Dyspnea - ANS-Difficulty breathing
Orthopnea - ANS-Patient is most comfortable breathing in upright position
Biot's Breathing - ANS-Short episodes of deep, rapid breaths followed by 10-30
seconds of apnea
Cheyne-Strokes Breathing - ANS-Rate and depth of breathing goes up and then down
followed by a period of apnea
Hyperventilation - ANS-Increased alveolar ventilation that causes a drop in CO2
Hypoventilation - ANS-Decreased alveolar ventilation that causes a rise in CO2
What is lung compliance? - ANS-How easily lung tissue stretches to accept a volume of
inspired air.
Compliant lung means? - ANS-Requires less pressure to expand
Noncompliant lung means? - ANS-Requires more pressure to expand
What is the lung compliance equation? - ANS-CL=TriangleV/TriangleP
What is the average lung compliance? - ANS-0.1L/cm H2O
If the pressure increases by 1 cm H2O, blank ml more air enters the lungs. - ANS-100
ml
, What happens to the lung compliance as the alveoli fill with air? - ANS-It progressively
decreases
What is the barometric (atmospheric) pressure? - ANS-760 mb
What is the barometric (atmospheric) pressure for O2? - ANS-159 mb
Barometric pressure is greater on? - ANS-Inspiration
Barometric pressure is lower on? - ANS-Exhalation
What point during the respiratory cycle is equilibrium reached? - ANS-The end of
inhalation and end of exhalation
What is the pressure gradient for O2? - ANS-100-40=60
What is the pressure gradient for Co2? - ANS-46-40=6
Why is the pressure gradient for Co2 lower than that of O2? - ANS-Because Co2 is
more water soluble
What do pressure gradients do? - ANS-Causes air to flow into and out of the lungs
How many bronchopulmonary segments are in the right upper lobe? - ANS-3
How many bronchopulmonary segments are in the right middle lobe? - ANS-2
How many bronchopulmonary segments are in the right lower lobe? - ANS-5
Who has more dead space? Short or tall people. - ANS-Tall people
Dead space ventilation is? - ANS-The portion of inspired air that does not reach the
alveoli per minute.
What is the anatomic dead space? - ANS-The volume of gas in the conducting airways
If the ideal body weight is 150lbs then the anatomic dead space will be? - ANS-150 ml
What is alveolar dead space? - ANS-Occurs when alveoli are ventilated, but not
perfused. No gas exchange occurs
What is physiologic dead space? - ANS-The total volume of dead space. Anatomic
dead space + alveolar dead space.
What are the two layers of the lung pleura? - ANS-Parietal and visceral layers
