UNIT- 5
Health education & health problem
Health is derived from Middle English word ‘helthe’ that means heal & hearty. Some people regard
‘ health as mere of disease’. Some of them consider that health is the beautification of body. Some treat
health as the physical capacity to do work.
J.F.William “health is the quality of life that enables the individual to live most and serve best.
WHO “ Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well being and not merely absence of
disease or deformity”.
We can say that health is not merely physical health but it also includes social, mental, moral and
emotional health.
Principles of health education:-
The program of health education should be according interest, attitude, requirement, health
status and environment of children.
Practical knowledge is more beneficial. Everyone should get the opportunity to participate in
health education program.
Principle of motivation:- motivation help in creating a desire to learn and change behavior and
the process of educating people to inculcate good habits.
Principle of comprehension:-the program of health education should be constructed keeping
the view the physical, mental, social and emotional condition of the students.
Principle of reinforcement:- bad habits of children should always be discarded and good habits
should always be appreciate. So that children could mend their ways.
Principle of learning by doing:- ‘ if I hear, I forgot, if I see, I remember, if I do , I know’.
Principle of good human relationship & feedback:- building good relationship with people
goes hand with good communication skill. keeping the record previous event will always help
in understanding and enhance the system of teaching & learning.
The method of imparting health education should be clear and simple.
The program related to health should be educative, interesting and recreational.
Objectives of health education:-
To provide the knowledge of health & hygiene:-viz physical, mental, social, emotional &
spiritual.
To cultivate the significant health habits:- it lay stress on such aspect that early to bed early to
rise.
To take preventive measures against disease:- urinals & toilets should be kept clean. Eatable
should be protected from flies etc.
To improving the general condition of living.
To take appropriate curative measures: - for eg. Postural deformities.
To provide knowledge regarding first-aid.
Importance of health education:-
It provide information about health & hygiene: - provide information to all about the
functioning of body, precautionary measures for keeping off disease.
It helps in discovering physical defects: - eg. Abnormalities.
It promotes desirable health habits.
It provides first-aid training.
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, It improves human relation.
It helps controlling several health hazards: - like alcohol, smoking and drug addiction.
Awareness about health.
It provide the knowledge about safety education: - related to fire, electricity, poison, floor &
stair case etc.
Help in maintaining norms of good health.
Provide knowledge regarding prevention and control of communicable disease.
Various health problem & role of health education in solving them
Problem due to over population: - the rate of population increase in the whole world is very high. 1/7
part of the total population of the world, Lives in India. Problem of health has generated because of
dense population. If a person has more children then their health will be weak, because his income is
to be spent on the whole family.
Problem due to poverty: - some people in India are very poor. Many people do not even get enough
food and sometime they have to sleep without eating food. In this way such poor people who cannot
even fulfill their basic needs. How can they dream of solving these health related problem.
Diet: - due to poverty, the diet of the people of our country is not balanced. The people doing hard
work remain weak due to less diet and become the patient of dangerous disease like blood pressure,
diabetes etc.
Use of intoxicants: - using every type of intoxication as cigarettes, tobacco, alcohol etc. are very
harmful to health.
Due to Air pollution: - the industrialization, auto mobiles, smoke in the world has polluted the air
which increasing health problems. Air pollution not only damage plants, trees and crop but also
human being. The polluted air is linked sore throat, stinging eyes, respiratory disease and other health
problem. Deforestation is another cause of air pollution.
Due to water pollution: - since the population is increasing there is rise in pollution level, which has
spoiled the water. The polluted water creates many problem like typhoid, cholera, hepatitis, jaundice
etc. sewage waste generated in cities is thrown in to river and canals. These are major source of water
pollution. With the increase in the amount of organic waste in water, the germs multiply rapidly and
use up available oxygen. Industrial waste is another source of water pollution.
Due to Noise pollution: - unwanted sound in atmosphere is called noise pollution. Noise of traffic,
noise of machines, Airplane, train and loud music in parties the main source of noise pollution. Noise
pollution creates heart problem, mental stress, tension and disturb sleep etc.
Communicable disease: - communicable diseases are those diseases which are caused by germs or
worms or parasites. These diseases are infectious and spread from a person suffering from the disease
to healthy person. Communicable diseases are such as cholera, Chickengunia, yellow fever, aids,
malaria, viral, dengue etc.
Mode of transmission/spread of communicable disease
Through air: - air is a very vital carrier of communicable disease. When an individual breaths, cough,
sneezes he sprays out certain infected droplets in the air and that droplets enter in the body of healthy
person.
Through direct contact: - STD, Syphilis, Scabies etc. spread through direct contact.
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Health education & health problem
Health is derived from Middle English word ‘helthe’ that means heal & hearty. Some people regard
‘ health as mere of disease’. Some of them consider that health is the beautification of body. Some treat
health as the physical capacity to do work.
J.F.William “health is the quality of life that enables the individual to live most and serve best.
WHO “ Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well being and not merely absence of
disease or deformity”.
We can say that health is not merely physical health but it also includes social, mental, moral and
emotional health.
Principles of health education:-
The program of health education should be according interest, attitude, requirement, health
status and environment of children.
Practical knowledge is more beneficial. Everyone should get the opportunity to participate in
health education program.
Principle of motivation:- motivation help in creating a desire to learn and change behavior and
the process of educating people to inculcate good habits.
Principle of comprehension:-the program of health education should be constructed keeping
the view the physical, mental, social and emotional condition of the students.
Principle of reinforcement:- bad habits of children should always be discarded and good habits
should always be appreciate. So that children could mend their ways.
Principle of learning by doing:- ‘ if I hear, I forgot, if I see, I remember, if I do , I know’.
Principle of good human relationship & feedback:- building good relationship with people
goes hand with good communication skill. keeping the record previous event will always help
in understanding and enhance the system of teaching & learning.
The method of imparting health education should be clear and simple.
The program related to health should be educative, interesting and recreational.
Objectives of health education:-
To provide the knowledge of health & hygiene:-viz physical, mental, social, emotional &
spiritual.
To cultivate the significant health habits:- it lay stress on such aspect that early to bed early to
rise.
To take preventive measures against disease:- urinals & toilets should be kept clean. Eatable
should be protected from flies etc.
To improving the general condition of living.
To take appropriate curative measures: - for eg. Postural deformities.
To provide knowledge regarding first-aid.
Importance of health education:-
It provide information about health & hygiene: - provide information to all about the
functioning of body, precautionary measures for keeping off disease.
It helps in discovering physical defects: - eg. Abnormalities.
It promotes desirable health habits.
It provides first-aid training.
1|P a g e
, It improves human relation.
It helps controlling several health hazards: - like alcohol, smoking and drug addiction.
Awareness about health.
It provide the knowledge about safety education: - related to fire, electricity, poison, floor &
stair case etc.
Help in maintaining norms of good health.
Provide knowledge regarding prevention and control of communicable disease.
Various health problem & role of health education in solving them
Problem due to over population: - the rate of population increase in the whole world is very high. 1/7
part of the total population of the world, Lives in India. Problem of health has generated because of
dense population. If a person has more children then their health will be weak, because his income is
to be spent on the whole family.
Problem due to poverty: - some people in India are very poor. Many people do not even get enough
food and sometime they have to sleep without eating food. In this way such poor people who cannot
even fulfill their basic needs. How can they dream of solving these health related problem.
Diet: - due to poverty, the diet of the people of our country is not balanced. The people doing hard
work remain weak due to less diet and become the patient of dangerous disease like blood pressure,
diabetes etc.
Use of intoxicants: - using every type of intoxication as cigarettes, tobacco, alcohol etc. are very
harmful to health.
Due to Air pollution: - the industrialization, auto mobiles, smoke in the world has polluted the air
which increasing health problems. Air pollution not only damage plants, trees and crop but also
human being. The polluted air is linked sore throat, stinging eyes, respiratory disease and other health
problem. Deforestation is another cause of air pollution.
Due to water pollution: - since the population is increasing there is rise in pollution level, which has
spoiled the water. The polluted water creates many problem like typhoid, cholera, hepatitis, jaundice
etc. sewage waste generated in cities is thrown in to river and canals. These are major source of water
pollution. With the increase in the amount of organic waste in water, the germs multiply rapidly and
use up available oxygen. Industrial waste is another source of water pollution.
Due to Noise pollution: - unwanted sound in atmosphere is called noise pollution. Noise of traffic,
noise of machines, Airplane, train and loud music in parties the main source of noise pollution. Noise
pollution creates heart problem, mental stress, tension and disturb sleep etc.
Communicable disease: - communicable diseases are those diseases which are caused by germs or
worms or parasites. These diseases are infectious and spread from a person suffering from the disease
to healthy person. Communicable diseases are such as cholera, Chickengunia, yellow fever, aids,
malaria, viral, dengue etc.
Mode of transmission/spread of communicable disease
Through air: - air is a very vital carrier of communicable disease. When an individual breaths, cough,
sneezes he sprays out certain infected droplets in the air and that droplets enter in the body of healthy
person.
Through direct contact: - STD, Syphilis, Scabies etc. spread through direct contact.
2|P a g e
