100% satisfaction guarantee Immediately available after payment Both online and in PDF No strings attached
logo-home
Previously searched by you
Previously searched by you
logo
(CIEHistory9389) End of Cold War and Collapse of USSR $4.52
Add to cart
Quickly navigate to
Preview
  2.  
  3. CIE
  4.  
  5. History
  6.  
  7. Unit 4c - International History, 1945-1991 (9389)

Study guide

(CIEHistory9389) End of Cold War and Collapse of USSR

1 review
 1 purchase
  • Course
  • Unit 4c - International History, 1945-1991 (9389)
  • Institution
  • CIE
  • Book
  • Pearson Baccalaureate: History: Cold War for the IB Diploma

This document is a summary of "The Collapse of the Soviet Union and the End of the Cold War" to help revise for the 'Component 4' (CIE History 9389) examination this June. These notes are specifically made for 'Cambridge International AS and A level History 9389' (Depth study 3: International Histo...

[Show more]

Preview 2 out of 5  pages

Document information

  • August 9, 2020
  • 5
  • 2019/2020
  • Study guide

Subjects

  • end of cold war
  • cambridge international as and a level history 9389
  • collapse of the soviet union

Connected book

book image

Book Title:

Author(s):

  • Edition:
  • ISBN:
  • Edition:

Written for

  • A/AS Level
  • CIE
  • History
  • Unit 4c - International History, 1945-1991 (9389)
All documents for this subject (36)

1  review

review-writer-avatar

By: emanydowair • 9 months ago

Seller

avatar-seller
noteshelp4u

Reviews received

Content preview

The Collapse of the Soviet Union and the End of the
Cold War
(Depth Study 3: International History, 1945-1991)
(Cambridge International AS and A level History 9389)


Impact of Mikhail Gorbachev

For USSR Stalin's Legacy mean politically remained authoritarian, one party + Economically
focused producing mili hardware than housing, transport, healthcare etc… Gorbachev aimed
change this (was first Uni educated leader since Stalin).


Sinatra Doctrine- This was introduced by Gorbachev as a way of showing how the USSR
now granted its allies permission to decide their own future without USSR involvement. It
was a break away from the Brezhnev Doctrine which gave the USSR an excuse to crush
attempts for freedom and revolutions. Called ‘Sinatra Doctrine’ as he made song called “I
Did It My Way”

He introduced 2 reforming ideas- ‘Glasnost’ and ‘Perestroika’.

- Glasnost (openness): principle that every area of regime open to public scrutiny.
- Perestroika (restructuring): aimed at restructuring economy.

Represented radical change in USSR politics, involved greater democratization, more people
in Comm Party + political debate.

Gorbachev intended make USSR system more productive/responsive, realised had reduce
mili spending. If reforming ideas going to work, Soviets not rise challenge matching Reagan's
SDI. Decided abandon arms race + try reduce arms with US. Did as said no winners in nuke
war + econ purposes.

Chernobyl disaster (Ukraine) heightened his awareness danger nukes. Anatoly said
Gorbachev knew dangers war. Even without war nuke power destroy mankind.

Reagan interested disarmament + previously proposed “Zero Option” to USSR which
eliminate all Intermediate missiles in EU. Gorbachev willing to follow + resulting 4 Summit
meetings to discuss:

, - Geneva Summit (Nov 1985): not a lot of progress, leaders agreed no winner in nuke
war.
- Reykjavik Summit (Oct 1986): ended without agreement as disagreement SDI.
Gorbachev said SDI remain in lab while Reagan disagree. Talks also covered most
arms control proposals between two powers.
- Washington Summit (Dec 1987): Intermediate Range Nuclear Force Treaty (INF)
signed, agreed abolish weapons like Intermediate + Short range missiles. First
important step reduce stockpile. Agreement for inspections destructive missiles.
- Moscow Summit (Dec 1987): Disagreement over SDI, arms reduction negotiations
continued. Reagan confessed no longer believed “evil empire”.

Gorbachev's foreign policies reassuring to West. 1988 said withdraw USSR Afghanistan +
removed aid dev World.

Thawing CW continued under Bush at Malta Summit US - USSR leaders 1989. Soviet minister
said buried CW.


Role of Reagan?

Gorbachev willing tackle issue nukes, new style politics + doing business with West caused
breakdown CW. Some say his approach USSR 1980s crucial pushing them into arms
negotiations. Others say he played important role as influenced by anti-nuclearism which
convince Gorbachev halt arms race.


Long-term Factors for End of CW

Role of USSR Economy?

Actions Reagan + Gorbachev important but long-term also end CW. Death Brezhnev 1982,
caused USSR pol + econ policies crisis.

Foreign policy resources high under Brezhnev. He achieved parity with US in nuke field. His
period known as stagnation as lack spending consumer goods + domestic economy as
whole.
Left his successors with outdated Stalinist regime. Grain imported US + many below poverty.
High alcoholism.

Gorbachev inherited troubled economy. Forced to make internal + negotiations with West.

The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.

Quick and easy check-out

Quick and easy check-out

You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.

Focus on what matters

Focus on what matters

Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!

Frequently asked questions

What do I get when I buy this document?

You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.

Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?

Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.

Who am I buying these notes from?

Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller noteshelp4u. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.

Will I be stuck with a subscription?

No, you only buy these notes for $4.52. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.

Can Stuvia be trusted?

4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)

69988 documents were sold in the last 30 days

Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 15 years now

Start selling
$4.52  1x  sold
  • (1)
Add to cart
Added