Summary Cold War Cuban Missile Crisis case study (Grade 12)
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Course
Grade 12 History
Institution
Uplands College (Uplands)
This is IEB Grade 12 History. It looks at Cuba and the Cuban Missile Crisis as part of the Cold War. There is background on Cuba as well and the inclusion of the Bay of Pigs invasion. This is part of Paper 1
Cuba is an island 160km from the US coast under Florida
- It is within missile range of Washington D.C. (US capital)
- Main export = sugar
It was liberated from Spain in 1898 with US help
- It gave Guantanamo Bay to America as a gift for their help
- Guantanamo Bay became "America's playground" and casinos, oil refinery's and hotels were
established there
The people live in extreme poverty
- 2% of the people own 50% of the land
- 44% live in rural areas
- 40% of them are illiterate, thus Cuba has a lack of skilled labour
- There is a shortage of teachers, schools, doctors and hospitals
General Batista ruled Cuba as a dictator between 1952 and 1959 (coup recognised by America)
- After 3 years of Guerilla warfare, Fidel Castro seized control (assisted by Che Guevara)
- Castro was anti-capitalist and declared socialist reforms (land redistribution, collectivisation
and nationalisation)
- Hundreds of thousands of Cubans fled as they did not agree with Castro’s radical revolution
- Trade relations soured and Americans withdrew investment
America disapproved of Castro as he was not capitalist
- They cut Cuba off from America, forcing Castro to turn to the Soviets and Khrushchev
- The CIA began to train Cuban exiles to invade Cuba
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