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Samenvatting MOB IIIB HOC Theorie
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Samenvatting MOB IIIB HOC Theorie
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MOB Theorie: HOC 1 (K. Ickmans)1. Uitgangspunt
2. Cervicale wervelkolom
Functionele anatomie en beweeglijkheid
Zie flipped classroom ‘PO Wervelkolom deel TWK’ op Canvas → Panopto
Functionele anatomie
- Morfologisch en functioneel wordt de CWK onderverdeeld in drie verschillende delen:
o Hoogcervicale WK (C0-C2): zeer specifieke en uitgebreide bewegingsmogelijkheden
o Mid- en laagcervicale WK (C3-C7): typische cervicale bewegingen
o De cervicothoracale overgang (CTO) (functioneel tot T3)
Bewegend segment:
- = segment waarin beweging kan optreden als antwoord op actie van de musculatuur
- Tussen twee opeenvolgende wervels – discus intervertebralis – ligamentaire structuren
- Twee facetgewrichten – gewrichten van Luschka (processi uncinati – C3-C7)
- Geheel wordt verder ondersteund door spieren, neurogene en vasculaire structuren
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, Vertebrae: naast de basiskenmerken heeft elke soort wervel ook zijn eigen specifieke kenmerken
- Corpus vertebrae
- Foramen vertebralis – canalis vertebralis (ruggenmerg)
- Arcus vertebrae
o Pediculus = verbinding met corpus
o Laminae = processus spinosus (dorsaal), transversus (lateraal), articulares inf. en sup.
Vertebrae cervicales:
- Opening processi transversi (foramen transversarium) waar A. vertebralis doorloopt (niet bij C7)
- Gespleten processus spinosus (C3-C7)
- Processus uncinatus – uncovertebrale gewrichten van Luschka
- Afwijkende vorm van de halswervels:
o Atlas C1: geen corpus, geen proc. spinosus, wel massae lateralis en arcus ant. en post.
o Axis C2: dens (arcus anterior atlas) (vertaling = draaier)
o C7 = vertebra prominens
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,3
, Discus intervertebralis (DIV):
- De meest craniale discus intervertebralis bevindt zich tussen C2 en C3
- De morfologie van de cervicale disci verschilt sterk van die van de andere regio’s:
o Relatief hoge discushoogte (± 3 mm) door aanwezigheid van proc. uncinati (Mercer ’96)
o Bevat minder water en proteoglycanen ivm. lumbale disci door verschillende functionele
eisen → minder lasten dragen (Grant 2002)
Hoe groter verhouding discushoogte / wervellichaam, hoe groter segmentale beweeglijkheid (C > L >T).
- C = cervicaal, L = lumbaal, T = thoracaal
Ligamentaire structuren:
- Ligamentum nuchae
- Membrana tectoria (= verlengde van Lig. Longitudinale posterius)
- Ligamenta alaria
- Ligamentum transversum atlantis
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